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I've only one diamond

1 diamond

['daɪəmənd] 1.
nome

1) (stone) diamante m.

industrial diamond — diamante sintetico

2) (shape) rombo m., losanga f.

3) (in baseball) diamante m.

4) (in cards) carta f. di quadri
2.
nome plurale diamonds + verbo sing. o pl. (suit) quadri m.
3.
modificatore [ ring] con brillante, con brillanti; [ brooch] di brillanti; [ dust] di diamante; [ mine] di diamanti

* * *

noun

1) (a very hard, colourless precious stone: Her brooch had three diamonds in it; ( also adjective) a diamond ring.) diamante

2) (a piece of diamond (often artificial) used as a tip on eg a record-player stylus.) diamante

3) (a kind of four-sided figure or shape; ♦: There was a pattern of red and yellow diamonds on the floor.) rombo

4) (one of the playing-cards of the suit diamonds, which have red symbols of this shape on them.) quadri

•

- diamonds

* * *
diamond /ˈdaɪəmənd/
n.

1 [uc] (miner.) diamante, brillante: a diamond ring, un anello di diamante; a diamond necklace, una collana di brillanti

2 (geom.) rombo; losanga: a diamond pattern, un motivo a rombi; diamond socks, calze a rombi

3 [uc] (tipogr.) diamante; occhio di mosca

4 [uc] ( delle carte da gioco) (carta di) quadri; (pl.) (seme di) quadri: the ace [queen, two] of diamonds, l'asso [la regina, il due] di quadri; I've only one diamond ( left) in my hand, mi è rimasto soltanto un quadri in mano

5 (tecn.) (punta di) diamante ( per utensili da taglio)

6 ( sport: baseball) diamante, rombo ( settore del campo); ( anche) campo di baseball: diamond defence, difesa a rombo

7 (fam.) vero amico; tesoro (fig.)

● ( USA) diamond anniversary = diamond wedding ► sotto □ diamond-bearing, diamantifero □ (tecn.) diamond bit, tagliatore diamantato □ diamond cement, colla per fissare diamanti artificiali □ (mecc.) diamond chisel, scalpello a punta di diamante □ (ind. min.) diamond coring, carotaggio al diamante □ (autom.) diamond crossing, incrocio a losanga □ diamond-cut, tagliato a brillante □ diamond cuttery, taglieria di diamanti □ (ind. min.) diamond drill, sonda a diamanti □ diamond drilling, perforazione con sonda a diamanti □ diamond field, giacimento diamantifero □ diamond jubilee, giubileo di diamante □ (autom., in USA) diamond lane, corsia preferenziale ( riservata alle auto con più passeggeri) □ diamond mine, miniera di diamanti □ diamond panes, vetri romboidali □ (mecc.) diamond point, punta di diamante □ diamond saw, sega diamantata □ diamond sawing, taglio con sega diamantata □ (zool.) diamond snake ( Python spilotes), pitone diamantino; pitone tappeto □ diamond tool, utensile diamantato □ diamond wedding, nozze di diamante □ a rough diamond ( USA, a diamond in the rough), un diamante grezzo; (fig.) una brava persona ma un po' grezza.

* * *
['daɪəmənd] 1.
nome

1) (stone) diamante m.

industrial diamond — diamante sintetico

2) (shape) rombo m., losanga f.

3) (in baseball) diamante m.

4) (in cards) carta f. di quadri
2.
nome plurale diamonds + verbo sing. o pl. (suit) quadri m.
3.
modificatore [ ring] con brillante, con brillanti; [ brooch] di brillanti; [ dust] di diamante; [ mine] di diamanti

English-Italian dictionary > diamond
2 single

'siŋɡl
1. adjective
1) (one only: The spider hung on a single thread.) solo, único

2) (for one person only: a single bed/mattress.) individual

3) (unmarried: a single person.) soltero

4) (for or in one direction only: a single ticket/journey/fare.) de ida, sencillo

2. noun
1) (a gramophone record with only one tune or song on each side: This group have just brought out a new single.) (disco) sencillo, single

2) (a one-way ticket.) billete sencillo

•

- singleness
- singles
- singly
- single-breasted
- single-decker
- single-handed
- single parent
- single out

single¹ adj

1. solo / único

he gave her a single red rose le dio una sola rosa roja

2. individual

a single bed una cama individual

3. soltero

are you single or married? ¿estás soltero o casado?

in single file en fila india

single² n

1. billete de ida

a single to Castleford, please un billete de ida a Castleford, por favor

2. sencillo

have you listened to their new single? ¿has escuchado su nuevo sencillo?

Del verbo singlar: ( conjugate singlar) \ \
singlé es: \ \
1ª persona singular (yo) pretérito indicativo

single es: \ \
1ª persona singular (yo) presente subjuntivo

3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente subjuntivo

3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) imperativo

single /'siŋgel/ sustantivo masculino 1 (Mús) single 2 ( en tenis)
a) (CS) ( partido) singles (match)

b)

◊ singles sustantivo masculino plural (AmL) ( partido) singles (match)
' single' also found in these entries: Spanish: billete - cama - casarse - desfilar - fila - gramaje - india - indio - individual - monetaria - monetario - monocultivo - monofásica - monofásico - monoplaza - no - pasar - sencilla - sencillo - singularizar - sola - solo - soltera - soltero - triste - unicameral - unicelular - unifamiliar - año - boleto - crema - habitación - labio - madre - ni - palabra - pasaje - quedar - seguir - suelto - único - uno English: currency - file - navigate - section - single - single currency - single out - single parent - single-breasted - single-family - single-figure - single-handed - single-minded - single-mindedness - single-sex - single-space - single-spacing - anything - bachelor - blossom - cloud - coil - curriculum - hair - individual - odd - one - scrap - session - shred - sitting - solitary - stair - standing - straw - whisker - work

single

tr['sɪŋgəl]

adjective

1 (only one) solo,-a, único,-a

■ we heard a single scream oímos un solo grito

■ a single blow un solo golpe

■ not a single person came no vino ni una sola persona

2 (composed of one part) simple, sencillo,-a

■ single figures cifras de un solo dígito

■ a single flower una flor simple

■ a single yellow line una línea amarilla sencilla

3 (for one person) individual

4 (separate, individual) cada

■ she copied every single word copió cada palabra

■ every single day todos los días

■ it's the single most important cause es la causa más importante

5 (unmarried) soltero,-a

noun

1 SMALLBRITISH ENGLISH/SMALL (single ticket) billete nombre masculino de ida, billete nombre masculino sencillo

2 (record) (disco) sencillo, single nombre masculino

3 SMALLSPORT/SMALL (in cricket) tanto; (in baseball) sencillo

4 SMALLAMERICAN ENGLISH/SMALL (one dollar bill) billete nombre masculino de un dólar

plural noun singles

1 SMALLSPORT/SMALL (in tennis, badminton) individuales nombre masculino plural

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

in single file en fila india

single combat combate nombre masculino singular

single cream nata líquida

single parent (mother) madre nombre femenino soltera 2 (father) padre nombre masculino soltero

single room habitación nombre femenino individual

single ['sɪŋgəl] vt, - gled ; - gling or to single out

1) select: escoger

2) distinguish: señalar

single adj

1) unmarried: soltero

2) sole: solo

a single survivor: un solo sobreviviente

every single one: cada uno, todos

single n

1) : soltero m, -ra f

for married couples and singles: para los matrimonios y los solteros

2) or single room : habitación f individual

3) dollar: billete m de un dólar

single

adj.

• célibe adj.

• habitación individual s.f.

• individual adj.

• mozo, -a adj.

• sencillo, -a adj.

• simple adj.

• singular adj.

• solo, -a adj.

• soltero, -a adj.

• uno, -a adj.

• único, -a adj.

v.

• singularizar v.

I 'sɪŋgəl
adjective

1) ( just one) (before n) solo

a single issue dominated the talks — un solo or único tema dominó las conversaciones

it's the single most important issue — es el tema más importante or de mayor importancia

the largest single shareholder — el mayor accionista individual

every single day — todos los días sin excepción, todos los santos días (fam); (with neg)

not a single house was left standing — no quedó ni una sola casa en pie

2) (before n)

a) ( for one person) < room> individual; <bed/sheet> individual, de una plaza (AmL)

b) ( not double) <lens/engine/line> solo; < flower> simple

single figures — cifras fpl de un solo dígito

in single file — en fila india

c) (BrE Transp) <fare/ticket> de ida, sencillo

3) ( unmarried) soltero

I'm single — soy or (Esp tb) estoy soltero

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- single out

II

noun

1) (Audio, Mus) single m, (disco m) sencillo m

a 12-inch single — un maxi-single

2)

a) ( ticket) (BrE) boleto m or (Esp) billete m de ida

b) ( room) (habitación f) individual f or sencilla f

3) singles pl (before n)

singles bar — bar para personas en busca de pareja

4) ( Sport)

a) ( in baseball) sencillo m

b) ( in cricket) tanto m; see also singles

['sɪŋɡl]
1. ADJ

1) (before noun) (=one only) solo

in a single day — en un solo día

we heard a single shot — oímos un solo disparo

our team won by a single point — nuestro equipo ganó por un solo punto

2) (before noun) (emphatic)

• we didn't see a single car that afternoon — no vimos ni un solo coche esa tarde

not a single one was left — no quedó ni uno

• it rained every single day — no dejó de llover ni un solo día, llovió todos los días sin excepción

• I did not doubt her sincerity for a single moment — no dudé de su sinceridad ni por un momento

• not a or one single person came to her aid — ni una sola persona fue a ayudarla

• the single biggest problem — el problema más grande

the US is the single biggest producer of carbon dioxide — los EEUU son los mayores productores de carbón

• I couldn't think of a single thing to say — no se me ocurría nada que decir

3) (before noun) (=individual)

he gave her a single rose — le dio una rosa

a single diamond — un solitario

4) (before noun) (=not double) [bed, sheet, room] individual; [garage] para un solo coche; [whisky, gin etc] sencillo; [bloom] simple

a single knot — un nudo sencillo
figure 1., 5)
5) (=unmarried) [person] soltero; [mother, father] sin pareja; [life] de soltero; single-parent

6) (before noun) (Brit) (=one-way) [ticket, fare] de ida

2. N

1) (in hotel) (also: single room) habitación f individual

2) (Brit) (also: single ticket) billete m de ida

3) (=record) sencillo m, single m

4) (Cricket) (=one run) tanto m

5) (Brit) (=pound coin or note) billete m or moneda f de una libra; (US) (=dollar note) billete m de un dólar

6) singles

a) (Tennis etc) individuales mpl

the men's singles — los individuales masculinos

b) (=unmarried people) solteros mpl

3.

CPD

single combat N — combate m singular

in single combat — en combate singular

single cream N — (Brit) crema f de leche líquida, nata f líquida (Sp)

single currency N — moneda f única

single density disk N — disco m de densidad sencilla

single European currency N — moneda f europea

Single European Market N —

• the Single European Market — el Mercado Único Europeo

single father N — padre m soltero, padre m sin pareja

single file N —

in single file — en fila india

single honours N — licenciatura universitaria en la que se estudia una sola especialidad

single lens reflex (camera) N — cámara f réflex de una lente

single malt (whisky) N — whisky m de malta

single market N — mercado m único

single mother N — madre f soltera, madre f sin pareja

single parent N — (=woman) madre f soltera, madre f sin pareja; (=man) padre m soltero, padre m sin pareja

single parent benefit N — ayuda del Estado por ser padre soltero o madre soltera

singles bar N — bar m para solteros

singles chart N — lista f de los singles más vendidos

single spacing N — (Typ) interlineado m simple

in single spacing — a espacio sencillo

single supplement, single person supplement, single room supplement N — (in hotel) recargo m por reserva individual

single transferable vote N (Pol) —

single transferable vote system — sistema m del voto único transferible

- single out

* * *

I ['sɪŋgəl]
adjective

1) ( just one) (before n) solo

a single issue dominated the talks — un solo or único tema dominó las conversaciones

it's the single most important issue — es el tema más importante or de mayor importancia

the largest single shareholder — el mayor accionista individual

every single day — todos los días sin excepción, todos los santos días (fam); (with neg)

not a single house was left standing — no quedó ni una sola casa en pie

2) (before n)

a) ( for one person) < room> individual; <bed/sheet> individual, de una plaza (AmL)

b) ( not double) <lens/engine/line> solo; < flower> simple

single figures — cifras fpl de un solo dígito

in single file — en fila india

c) (BrE Transp) <fare/ticket> de ida, sencillo

3) ( unmarried) soltero

I'm single — soy or (Esp tb) estoy soltero

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- single out

II

noun

1) (Audio, Mus) single m, (disco m) sencillo m

a 12-inch single — un maxi-single

2)

a) ( ticket) (BrE) boleto m or (Esp) billete m de ida

b) ( room) (habitación f) individual f or sencilla f

3) singles pl (before n)

singles bar — bar para personas en busca de pareja

4) ( Sport)

a) ( in baseball) sencillo m

b) ( in cricket) tanto m; see also singles

English-spanish dictionary > single
3 गो _gō

गो m. f. (Nom. गौः) [गच्छत्यनेन, गम् करणे डो Tv.]

1 Cattle, kine (pl.)

-2 Anything coming from a cow; such as milk, flesh, leather &c.

-3 The stars; वि रश्मिभिः ससृजे सूर्यो गाः Rv.7.36.1.

-4 The sky.

-5 The thunder- bolt of Indra; Ki.8.1.

-6 A ray of light; नान्यस्तप्ता विद्यते गोषु देव Mb.1.232.11; बालो$यं गिरिशिखरेषु चारयन् गाः त्रैलोक्यं तिमिरभरेण दुष्टमेतत् (रविः नैर्मल्यं नयति) । Rām. Ch. 7.6.

-7 A diamond.

-8 Heaven.

-9 An arrow. -f.

1 A cow; जुगोप गोरूपधरामिवोर्वीम् R.2.3; क्षीरिण्यः सन्तु गावः Mk.1.6.

-2 The earth; दुदोह गां स यज्ञाय R.1.26; गामात्तसारां रघुरप्यवेक्ष्य 5.26;11.36; Bg.15.13; सेको$- नुगृह्णातु गाम् Mu.3.2; Me.3; cf. also the quotation for (

-6).

-3 Speech, words; कुलानि समुपेतानि गोभिः पुरुषतो$- र्थतः Mb.5.28; रघोरुदारामपि गां निशम्य R.5.12;2.59; Ki.4.2.

-4 The goddess of speech, Sarasvatī.

-5 A mother.

-6 A quarter of the compass.

-7 Water; सायं भेजे दिशं पश्चाद्गविष्ठो गां गतस्तदा Bhāg.1.1.36; also pl.; Bhāg.11.7.5.

-8 The eye; गोकर्णा सुमुखी कृतेन इषुणा गोपुत्रसंप्रेषिता Mb.8.9.42.

-9 A region of the sky. -m. A bull, an ox; असंजातकिणस्कन्धः सुखं स्वपिति गौर्गडिः K. P.1; Ms.4.72; cf. चरद्गव.

-2 The hair of the body.

-3 An organ of sense; अदान्तगोभिर्विशतां तमिस्रं पुनः पुनश्चर्वितचर्वणानाम् Bhāg..7.5.3.

-4 The sign Taurus of the zodiac; Bṛi. S.49.

-5 The sun.

-6 The number 'nine' (in math.).

-7 The moon.

-8 A singer.

-9 A billion.

-1 A cow-sacrifice

-11 A house; cf. गौर्वज्रं गौः प्रभा भूमिर्वाणी तोयं त्रिविष्टपम् । धेनुर्बस्तो वृषो दिग्गौर्नेत्रं लज्जा गुरू रमा ॥ इन्द्रियं श्रीरुमा... Enm.

-Comp. -कण्टकः, -कम् 1 a road or spot trodden down by oxen and thus made im- passable.

-2 the cow's hoof.

-3 the print of a cow's hoof.

-कर्ण a. having cow's ears.

(-र्णः) 1 a cow's ear; गोकर्णसदृशौ कृत्वा करावाबद्धसारणौ Ks.6.57.

-2 a mule.

-3 a snake; Mb.8.9.42.

-4 a span (from the tip of the thumb to that of the ring-finger); गोकर्णशिथिल- श्चरन् Mb.2.68.75; तालः स्मृतो मध्यमया गोकर्णश्चाप्यनामया Brahmāṇḍa P.

-5 N. of a place of pilgrimage in the south, sacred to Śiva. श्रितगोकर्णनिकेतमीश्वरम् R.8.33.

-6 a kind of deer.

-7 a kind of arrow; Mb.8.9.42.

-किराटा -किराटिका the Sārikā bird.

-किलः, -कीलः 1 a plough

-2 a pestle.

-कुलम् 1 a herd of kine; वृष्टिव्याकुलगोकुलावनरसादुद्धृत्य गोवर्धनम् Gīt.4; गोकुलस्य तृषा- र्तस्य Mb.

-2 a cow-house.

-3 N. of a village (where Kṛiṣṇa was brought up).

-कुलिक a.

1 one who does not help a cow in the mud.

-2 squint-eyed.

-कुलोद्भवा an epithet of Durgā.

-कृतम् cow-dung.

-क्षीरम् cow's milk.

-क्षुरम्, -रकम् a cow's hoof.

-खरः a beast (पशु); यत्तीर्थबुद्धिः सलिले न कर्हिचिज्जनेष्वभिज्ञेषु स एव गोखरः Bhāg.1.84.13.

-खा a nail.

-गृष्टिः a young cow which has had only one calf.

-गोयुगम् a pair of oxen.

-गोष्ठम् a cow-pen, cattle-shed.

-ग्रन्थिः 1 dried cowdung.

-2 a cow-house.

-ग्रहः capture of cattle (गवालम्भ); Mb.12.265.2.

-ग्रासः the ceremony of offering a morsel (of grass) to a cow when performing an expiatory rite.

-घातः, -घातकः, -घातिन् m. a cow-killer.

-घृतम् 1 rain-water.

-2 clarified butter coming from a cow.

-घ्न a.

1 destructive to cows.

-2 one who has killed a cow.

-3 one for whom a cow is killed, a guest.

-चन्दनम् a kind of sandal-wood.

-चर a.

1 grazed over by cattle.

-2 frequenting, dwelling, resorting to, haunting पितृसद्मगोचरः Ku.5.77.

-3 within the scope, power, or range of; अवाङ्मनसगोचरम् R.1.15; so बुद्धि˚, दृष्टि˚, श्रवण˚ स्वगोचरे दीप्ततरा बभूव Bu. Ch.1.13.

-4 moving on earth.

-5 accessible to, attainable; त्याग- सूक्ष्मानुगः क्षेम्यः शौचगो ध्यागोचरः Mb.12.236.12.

-6 circulating, having a particular meaning, prevalent.

(-रः) 1 the range of cattle, pasturage; उपारताः पश्चिम- रात्रिगोचरात् Ki.4.1.

-2 (a) a district, department, province, sphere. (b) an abode, dwelling-place, a place of resort; Śi.1.21; Ms.1.39.

-3 range of the organs of sense, an object of sense; श्रवणगोचरे तिष्ठ be within ear-shot; नयनगोचरं या to become visible.

-4 scope, range, in general; हर्तुर्याति न गोचरम् Bh.2.16.

-5 (fig.) grip, hold, power, influence, control; कः कालस्य न गोचरा- न्तरगतः Pt.1.146; गोचरीभूतमक्ष्णोः U.6.26; Māl.5.24; अपि नाम मनागवतीर्णो$सि रतिरमणबाणगोचरम् Māl.1.

-6 horizon.

-7 field for action, scope; इन्द्रियाणि हयानाहुर्विषयांस्तेषु गोचरान् Kaṭh.3.4.

-8 the range of the planets from the Lagna or from each other.

˚पीडा in- auspicious position of stars within the ecliptic; गोचर- पीडायामपि राशिर्बलिभिः शुभग्रहैर्दृष्टः (पीडां न करोति) Bṛi.S.41.13. (गोचरीकृ to place within the range (of sight), make current).

-चर्मन् n.

1 a cow's hide.

-2 a particular measure of surface thus defined by Vasiṣṭha:-- दशहस्तेन वंशेन दशवंशान् समन्ततः । पञ्च चाभ्यधिकान् दद्यादेतद्गोचर्म चोच्यते ॥ ˚वसनः an epithet of Śiva.

-चर्या seeking food like a cow; गोचर्यां नैगमश्चरेत् Bhāg.11.18.29.

-चारकः cowherd.

-चरणम् the tending or feeding of cows; Bhāg.1.38.8.

-ज a.

1 born in the earth (rice &c.).

-2 produced by milk; अब्जा गोजा...... Kaṭh.5.2.

-जरः an old ox or bull; नाद्रियन्ते यथापूर्वं कीनाशा इव गोजरम् Bhāg.3.3.13.

-जलम् the urine of a bull or cow.

-जागरिकम् auspi- ciousness, happiness. (

-कः) a preparer of food, baker.

-जात a. born in the heaven (gods); गोजाता अप्या मृळता च देवाः Rv.6.5.11.

-जिह्वा N. of a plant (Mar. पाथरी).

-जिह्विका the uvula.

-जीव a. living on cattle (milk- man); Hch.1.7.

-तल्लजः an excellent bull or cow.

-तीर्थम् a cowhouse.

-त्रम् [गां भूमिं त्रायते त्रै-क]

1 a cow-pen.

-2 a stable in general.

-3 a family, race, lineage; गोत्रेण माठरो$स्मि Sk.; so कौशिकगोत्राः, वसिष्ठगोत्राः &c.; Ms.3.19,9.141.

-4 a name, appellation; जगाद गोत्र- स्खलिते च का न तम् N.1.3; Ś.6.5; see ˚स्खलित below; मद्गोत्राङ्कं विरचितपदं गेयमुद्गातुकामा Me.88.

-5 a multitude.

-6 increase.

-7 a forest.

-8 a field.

-9 a road.

-1 possessions, wealth.

-11 an umbrella, a parasol.

-12 knowledge of futurity.

-13 a genus, class, species.

-14 a caste, tribe, caste according to families. (

-त्रः) a mountain; 'गोत्रं नाम्नि कुले$प्यद्रौ' इति यादवः; Śi.9.8. Hence गोत्रोद्दलनः means Indra; cf. इन्द्रे तु गोत्रोद्दलनः कुलघ्ने गिरिदारणे Nm.

(-त्रा) 1 a multitude of cows.

-2 the earth.

˚उच्चारः recitation of family pedigree.

˚कर्तृ, -कारिन् m. the founder of a family.

˚कीला the earth.

˚ज a. born in the same family, gentile, a relation; Bhāg.3.7.24; Y.2.135.

˚पटः a genealogical table, pedigree.

˚प्रवरः the oldest member or founder of a family.

-भिद् m. an epithet of Indra; हृदि क्षतो गोत्रभिदप्यमर्षणः R.3.53;6.73; Ku.2.52.

˚स्खलनम्, ˚स्खलितम् blundering or mistaking in calling (one) by his name, calling by a wrong name; स्मरसि स्मर मेखलागुणैरुत गौत्रस्खलितेषु बन्धनम् Ku.4.8.

-द a. giving cows; Ms.4.231. (

-दः) brain. (

-दा) N. of the river Godāvarī.

-दत्र a. Ved. giving cows. (

-त्रः) an epithet of Indra. (

-त्रम्) a crown (pro- tecting the head).

-दन्त a. armed with a coat of mail.

(-तम्) 1 yellow orpiment.

-2 a white fossil substance.

-दानम् 1 the gift of a cow.

-2 the ceremony of tonsure or cutting the hair; रामलक्ष्मणयो राजन् गोदानं कारयस्व ह Rām.1.71.23; अथास्य गोदानविधेरनन्तरम् R.3. 33; (see Mallinātha's explanation of the word); कृत- गोदानमङ्गलाः U.1; अतोनं गोदानं दारकर्म च Kau. A.1.5; (Rām. explains the word differently).

-3 the part of the head close to the right ear.

-दाय a. intending to give cows.

-दारणम् 1 a plough.

-2 a spade, hoe.

-दा, -दावरी N. of a river in the south.

-दुह् m.,

-दुहः 'cow-milker', a cowherd; सुदुघामिव गोदुहे R.1.4.1; चिरं निदध्यौ दुहतः स गोदुहः Śi.

-दोहः 1 the milking of cows.

-2 the milk of cows.

-3 the time of milking cows.

-दोहनम् 1 the time of milking cows.

-2 the milking of cows; न लक्ष्यते ह्यवस्थानमपि गोदोहनं क्वचित् Bhāg.1.19. 4.

-दोहनी a milk-pail.

-द्रवः the urine of a bull or cow.

-धनम् 1 a herd or multitude of cows, cattle.

-2 possession of cows. (

-नः) a broad-pointed arrow.

-धरः a mountain.

-धर्मः the law of cattle, rules relating to cattle; (open and unconcealed intercourse of the sexes); गोधर्मं सौरभेयाच्च सो$धीत्य निखिलं मुनिः । प्रावर्तत तदा कर्तुं श्रद्धावांस्तमशङ्कया ॥ Mb.1.14.26.

-धुमः, -धूमः 1 wheat; Bṛi. Up.6.3.13.

-2 the orange. ˚चूर्णम् wheat flour;

-सम्भवम् a sour paste.

-धूलिः 'dust of the cows', the time of sunset or evening twilight (so called be- cause cows, which generally return home at about sunset, raise up clouds of dust by their treading on the earth).

-धेनुः a milch-cow with a calf.

-भ्रः a mountain.

-नन्दा an epithet of the wife of Śiva.

-नन्दी the female of the Sārasa bird.

-नर्दः 1 the (Indian) crane.

-2 an epithet of Śiva (bellowing like a bull).

-3 N. of a country.

-नर्दीयः an epithet of Patañjali, author of the Mahābhāṣya.

-नसः, -नासः 1 a kind of snake.

-2 a kind of gem.

-नसा the mouth of a cow.

-नाथः 1 a bull.

-2 an owner of land.

-3 a herdsman.

-4 an owner of kine.

-नायः a cowherd; तद्यथा गोनायो$श्वनायः पुरुषनाय इत्येवं तदप आचक्षते$शनायेति Ch. Up.6.8.3.

-नाशनः a wolf.

-नासा the projecting snout of a cow or ox.

-नासम् a kind of gem.

-निष्यन्दः cow's urine.

-पः 1 a cowherd (considered as belonging to a mixed tribe); गोपवेशस्य विष्णोः Me.15.

-2 the chief of a cowpen.

-3 the superintendent of a village.

-4 a king.

-5 a protector, guardian; Rv.1.61.1.

˚अनसी the wood of a thatch; गोपानसीषु क्षणमास्थितानाम् Śi.3.49.

˚अष्टमी the eighth day of the bright fortnight of Kārttika when Kṛiṣṇa is said to have worn the dress of a cowherd.

˚आटविका a cowherd.

˚कन्या 1 the daughter of a cowherd.

-2 a nymph of Vṛindāvana.

˚अध्यक्षः, ˚इन्द्रः, ˚ईशः the chief of herdsmen, an epithet of Kṛiṣṇa.

˚चापः the rainbow.

˚दलः the betel-nut tree.

˚भद्रम् the fibrous root of a water-lily.

˚रसः gum myrrh.

˚राष्ट्राः (pl.) N. of a people. ˚वधूः f. a cowherd's wife; Bhāg.1.9.4. ˚वधूटी a young cowherdess, a young wife of a cowherd; गोपवधूटीदुकूलचौराय Bhāṣā P.1.

(-पकः) 1 the superin- tendent of a district.

-2 myrrh.

(-पिका) 1 a cowher- dess; Bhāg.1.9.14-15.

-2 protectress. (

-पी) a cowherd's wife (especially applied to the cowherdesses of Vṛindāvana, the companions of Kṛiṣṇa in his juvenile sports).

-2 a milk-maid.

-3 a protectress.

-4 Nature, elementary nature.

-पतिः 1 an owner of cows.

-2 a bull.

-3 a leader, chief.

-4 the sun; नीहारमिव गोपतिः Bhāg.1.12.1; Mb.1.173.32.

-5 Indra; सुराङ्गना गोपतिचापगोपुरं पुरम् (जहुः) Ki.8.1.

-6 N. of Kṛiṣṇa.

-7 N. of Śiva.

-8 N. of Varuṇa; एष पुत्रो महाप्रज्ञो वरुणस्येह गोपतेः Mb.5.98.11.

-9 a king; नासतो विद्यते राजन् स ह्यरण्येषु गोपतिः Mb.12.135.26.

-पथः N. of a Brāhmaṇa of Av.

-पर्वतम् the name of the place where Pāṇini is said to have performed penance and propitiated Śiva; गोपर्वतमिति स्थानं शम्भोः प्रख्यापितं मया । यत्र पाणिनिना लेभे वैयाकरणिकाग्ऱ्यता ॥ अरुणाचलमाहात्म्यम्- उत्तरार्धः 2 अ. 68 श्लो.

-पशुः a sacrificial cow.

-पाः m. Ved.

1 a herdsman.

-2 protector, or guardian; मन्द्राग्रे- त्वरी भुवनस्य गोपा Av.2.1.57.

-पानसी a curved beam which supports a thatch; गोपानसी तु वलभिच्छादने वक्रदारुणि Ak.2.2.15.

-पालः 1 a cowherd; Ms.4.253.

-2 a king.

-3 an epithet of Śiva.

-4 an epithet of Kṛ&iṣṇa. ˚धानी a cow-pen, cow-shed.

-पालकः 1 a cowherd.

-2 a king.

-3 an epithet of Śiva; also of Kṛiṣṇa.

-पालिः an epithet of Śiva.

-पालिका, -पाली the wife of a cowherd; पार्थः प्रस्थापयामास कृत्वा गोपालिकावपुः Mb.1.221.19.

-पालितः N. of a lexicographer.

-पित्तम् bile of cows, ox-bile (from which the yellow pigment गोरोचना is prepared; गोपित्ततो रोचना Pt.1.94.).

-पीतः a species of wagtail.

-पीथः protection; अस्माकमृषीणां गोपीथे न उरुष्यतम् Rv.5.65.6. (

-थम्) a holy place, a place of pilgrimage.

-पुच्छम् a cow's tail.

-2 a particular point of an arrow.

(-च्छः) 1 a sort of monkey; Bhāg.8.2.22.

-2 a sort of necklace consisting of two or four or thirty-four strings.

-3 a kind of drum.

-पुटिकम् the head of Śiva's bull.

-पुत्रः 1 a young bull.

-2 an epithet of Karṇa.

-पुरम् 1 a town-gate; उत्तुङ्गसौधसुरमन्दिरगोपुरम् Māl.9.1.

-2 a principal gate; दधतमुच्चशिलान्तरगोपुराः Ki.5.5.

-3 the ornamental gate- way of a temple.

-पुरीषम् cowdung.

-प्रकाण्डम् an ex- cellent cow or bull.

-प्रचारः pasture-ground, pasturage for cattle; ग्राम्येच्छया गोप्रचारो भूमी राजवशेन वा Y.2.166.

-प्रत (ता) रः 1 a ford for cattle.

-2 a place of pilgrimage on the Śarayū; यद्गोप्रतरकल्पो$भूत्संमर्दस्तत्र मज्जताम् । अतस्तदाख्यया तीर्थं पावनं भुवि पप्रथे ॥ R.15.11.

-प्रदानम् same as गोदान.

-प्रवेशः the time when cows return home, sunset or evening-twilight; गोप्रवेशसमये Bṛi. S.24.35.

-फणा 1 a bandage hollowed out so as to fit the chin or nose &c.

-2 a sling.

-बालः the hair of cows.

-भुज् m. a king; गोभुजां वल्लभा लक्ष्मीः Rāj. T.5.6.

-भृत् m.

1 a mountain.

-2 a king.

-मक्षिका a gadfly.

-मघ a. granting cattle or cows कदा गोमघा हवनानि गच्छाः Rv.6.35.3.

-मंडलम् 1 the globe.

-2 a multitude of cows.

-मण़्डीरः a kind of an aquatic bird; L. D. B.

-मतम् = गव्यूति q. v.

-मतल्लिका a tract- able cow, an excellent cow; अरिर्मधोरैक्षत गोमतल्लिकाम् Śi.12.41.

-मथः a cowherd.

-मध्यमध्य a. slender in the waist.

-महिषदा N. of one of the Mātṛis attending on कार्तिकेय.

-मांसम् beef.

-मायु 1 a kind of frog.

-2 a jackal; अनुहंकुरुते घनध्वनिं न हि गोमायुरुतानि केसरी Śi.16. 25.

-3 bile of a cow.

-4 N. of a Gandharva.

-मीनः a kind of fish.

-मुखः, -मुखम् [गोर्मुखमिव मुखमस्य] a kind of musical instrument; Bg.1.13; गोमुखानां च शृङ्गाणाम- नीकद्वयवर्तिनाम् Śiva. B.24.55.

(-खः) 1 a crocodile, shark.

-2 a hole of a particular shape in a wall made by thieves.

(-खम्) 1 a house built unevenly.

-2 spreading unguents, smearing; 'गोमुखं कुटिलाकारे वाद्यभाण्डे विलेपने' इति विश्वः; यस्यामलिन्देषु न चक्रुरेव मुग्धाङ्गना गोमयगो- मुखानि Śi.3.48. (

-खम्, -खी) a cloth-bag of the shape of a gnomon containing a rosary, the beads of which are counted by the hand thrust inside.

-2 a house built unevenly.

-3 a particular method of sitting (a योगासन) (

-खी) the chasm in the Himālaya mountains through which the Ganges flows.

-मूढ a. stupid as a bull.

-मूत्रम् cow's urine.

-मूत्रकः a variety of lapis lazuli (बैदूर्य); Kau. A.2.11.

-कम् a particular attitude (मण्डल) in गदायुद्ध; दक्षिणं मण्डलं सव्यं गोमूत्रकमथापि च । व्यचर- त्पाण्डवो राजन्नरिं संमोहयन्निव ॥ Mb.9.58.23. -a. zigzagging, going unevenly.

-मूत्रिका 1 an artificial verse, the second of which repeats nearly all the syllables of the first. (Malli. thus defines it:-- वर्णानामेकरूपत्वं यद्येकान्तरमर्धयोः गोमूत्रिकेति तत्प्राहुर्दुष्करं तद्विदो विदुः ॥ see Śi.19.46.)

-2 a form of calculation.

-मृगः a kind of ox (गवय).

-मेदः a gem brought from the Himālaya and Indus, des- cribed as of four different colours:-- white, pale-yellow, red, and dark-blue.

-मेदकः 1 see गोमेद.

-2 a kind of poison (काकोल).

-3 smearing the body with unguents.

-मेधः, -यज्ञः a cow-sacrifice; Rām.7.25.8.

-यानम्, -रथः a carriage drawn by oxen; Rām.2.82.26; Ms. 11.174.

-युक्त a. drawn by oxen.

-युतम् 1 a cattle station.

-2 a measure of two Krośas (गव्यूत); गोयुते गोयुते चैव न्यवसत्पुरुषर्षभः Mb.14.65.22.

-रक्षः 1 a cow- herd.

-2 keeping or tending cattle.

-3 the orange.

-4 an epithet of Śiva. ˚जम्बू f. wheat.

-रक्षणम् tending cattle (with religious faith).

-रङ्कुः 1 a water-fowl

-2 a prisoner.

-3 a naked man, a mendicant wandering about without clothes.

-4 a chanter.

-रवम् saffron.

-रसः cow's milk.

-2 curds.

-3 buttermilk.

-4 the flavour of a sentence; को रसो गोरसं विना Udb. ˚जम् buttermilk.

-राजः an excellent bull.

-राटिका, -राटी the Sārikā bird.

-रुतम् a measure of dis- tance equal to two Krośas.

-रूपम् the form of a cow. (

-पः) N. of Śiva.

-रोचम् yellow orpiment.

-रोचना a bright yellow pigment prepared from the urine or bile of a cow, or found in the head of a cow.

-लवणम् a measure of salt given to a cow.

-लाङ्गु- (गू) लः a kind of monkey with a dark body, red cheeks and a tail like that of a cow; गोलाङ्गूलः कपोलं छुरयति रजसा कौसुमेन प्रियायाः Māl.9.3.

-लोकः a part of heaven, cow-world.

-लोभिका, -लोभी 1 a prostitute.

-2 white Dūrvā grass.

-3 Zedoary.

-4 N. of a shrub.

-वत्सः a calf. ˚आदिन m. a wolf.

-वधः the killing of a cow; Ms.11.59.

-वर्धनः a celebrated hill in वृन्दावन the country about Mathurā. ('This hill was lifted up and supported by Kṛiṣṇa upon one finger for seven days to shelter the cowherds from a storm of rain sent by Indra to test Kṛiṣṇa's divinity.') ˚धरः, ˚धरिन् m. an epithet of Kṛiṣṇa.

-वरम् pounded cowdung.

-वशा a barren cow.

-वाटम्, -वासः a cow-pen.

-वासन a. covered with an ox-hide.

-विकर्तः, -विकर्तृ m.

1 the killer of a cow; Mb.4.2.9.

-2 a hus- bandman.

-विततः a horse-sacrifice having many cows.

-विन्दः 1 a cowkeeper, a chief herdsman.

-2 N. of Kṛiṣṇa.

-3 Bṛihaspati. ˚द्वादशी the twelfth day in the light half of the month of फाल्गुन

-विष् f.,

-विष्ठा cowdung.

-विषाणिकः a kind of musical instrument; Mb.6.44.4.

-विसर्गः day-break (when cows are let loose to graze in forests); Rām.7.111.9.

-वीथिः f. N. of that portion of the moon's path which contains the asterisms भाद्रपदा, रेवती and अश्विनी, or according to some, हस्त, चित्रा and स्वाती Bṛi. S.9.2.

-वीर्यम् the price received for milk.

-वृन्दम् a drove of cattle.

-वृन्दारकः an excellent bull or cow.

-वृषः, -वृषभः an excellent bull; न तां शेकुर्नृपा वोढुमजित्वा सप्त गोवृषान् Bhāg 1.58.33. ˚ध्वजः an epithet of Śiva.

-वैद्यः a quack docter.

-व्रजः 1 a cow-pen.

-2 a herd of cows.

-3 a place where cattle graze.

-व्रत, -व्रतिन् a. one who imitates a cow in fru- gality;...अत्र गोव्रतिनो विप्राः... ॥ यत्रपत्रशयो नित्यं येन केन- चिदाशितः । येन केनचिदाच्छन्नः स गोव्रत इहोच्यते ॥ Mb.5.99. 13-14.

-शकृत् n. cowdung; Ms.2.182.

-शतम् a present of a hundred cows to a Brāhmaṇa.

-शालम्, -ला a cow-stall.

-शीर्षः, -र्षम् a kind of sandal; Kau. A.2.11.

-2 a kind of weapon (arrow ?); Mb.7.178. 23.

-षड्गवम् three pairs of kine.

-षन्, -षा a. Ved. acquiring or bestowing cows.

-षा (सा) तिः 1 acquiring cattle; or fighting for cattle. गोषाता यस्य ते गिरः Rv.8.84.7.

-2 giving cattle.

-ष्टोमः a kind of sacri- fice fasting for one day.

-संख्यः a cowherd.

-सदृक्षः a species of ox (गवय).

-सर्गः the time at which cows are usually let loose, day-break; see गोविसर्ग.

-सवः a kind of cow-sacrifice (not performed in the Kali age); Mb.3.3.17.

-सहस्रम् a kind of present (महादान). (

-स्त्री) N. of two holidays on the fifteenth day of the dark half of कार्तिक and ज्येष्ठ.

-सावित्री N. of a hymn (cf. गायत्री).

-सूत्रिका a rope fastened at both ends having separate halters for each ox or cow.

-स्तनः 1 the udder of a cow.

-2 a cluster of blossoms, nosegay &c.

-3 a pearl-necklace of four strings.

-4 a kind of fort.

-स्तना, -नी a bunch of grapes.

-स्थानम्, -क्रम् a cow-pen.

-स्वामिन् m.

1 an owner of cows.

-2 a religious mendicant.

-3 an honorary title affixed to proper names; (e. g. वोपदेवगोस्वामिन्).

-हत्या cow-slaughter.

-हल्लम् (sometimes written हन्नम्) cow-dung.

-हरः, -हरणम् stealing of cows; गोष्ठमुत्किरति गोहरं वदेत् Bṛi. S.89.9. (v. l.)

-हित a. cherishing or protecting kine. (

-तः) N. of Viṣṇu.

Sanskrit-English dictionary > गो _gō
4 Coolidge, William David

SUBJECT AREA: Electricity, Metallurgy

[br]

b. 23 October 1873 Hudson, Massachusetts, USA

d. 3 February 1975 New York, USA

[br]

American physicist and metallurgist who invented a method of producing ductile tungsten wire for electric lamps.

[br]

Coolidge obtained his BS from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1896, and his PhD (physics) from the University of Leipzig in 1899. He was appointed Assistant Professor of Physics at MIT in 1904, and in 1905 he joined the staff of the General Electric Company's research laboratory at Schenectady. In 1905 Schenectady was trying to make tungsten-filament lamps to counter the competition of the tantalum-filament lamps then being produced by their German rival Siemens. The first tungsten lamps made by Just and Hanaman in Vienna in 1904 had been too fragile for general use. Coolidge and his life-long collaborator, Colin G. Fink, succeeded in 1910 by hot-working directly dense sintered tungsten compacts into wire. This success was the result of a flash of insight by Coolidge, who first perceived that fully recrystallized tungsten wire was always brittle and that only partially work-hardened wire retained a measure of ductility. This grasped, a process was developed which induced ductility into the wire by hot-working at temperatures below those required for full recrystallization, so that an elongated fibrous grain structure was progressively developed. Sintered tungsten ingots were swaged to bar at temperatures around 1,500°C and at the end of the process ductile tungsten filament wire was drawn through diamond dies around 550°C. This process allowed General Electric to dominate the world lamp market. Tungsten lamps consumed only one-third the energy of carbon lamps, and for the first time the cost of electric lighting was reduced to that of gas. Between 1911 and 1914, manufacturing licences for the General Electric patents had been granted for most of the developed work. The validity of the General Electric monopoly was bitterly contested, though in all the litigation that followed, Coolidge's fibering principle was upheld. Commercial arrangements between General Electric and European producers such as Siemens led to the name "Osram" being commonly applied to any lamp with a drawn tungsten filament. In 1910 Coolidge patented the use of thoria as a particular additive that greatly improved the high-temperature strength of tungsten filaments. From this development sprang the technique of "dispersion strengthening", still being widely used in the development of high-temperature alloys in the 1990s. In 1913 Coolidge introduced the first controllable hot-cathode X-ray tube, which had a tungsten target and operated in vacuo rather than in a gaseous atmosphere. With this equipment, medical radiography could for the first time be safely practised on a routine basis. During the First World War, Coolidge developed portable X-ray units for use in field hospitals, and between the First and Second World Wars he introduced between 1 and 2 million X-ray machines for cancer treatment and for industrial radiography. He became Director of the Schenectady laboratory in 1932, and from 1940 until 1944 he was Vice-President and Director of Research. After retirement he was retained as an X-ray consultant, and in this capacity he attended the Bikini atom bomb trials in 1946. Throughout the Second World War he was a member of the National Defence Research Committee.

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Bibliography

1965, "The development of ductile tungsten", Sorby Centennial Symposium on the History of Metallurgy, AIME Metallurgy Society Conference, Vol. 27, ed. Cyril Stanley Smith, Gordon and Breach, pp. 443–9.

Further Reading

D.J.Jones and A.Prince, 1985, "Tungsten and high density alloys", Journal of the Historical Metallurgy Society 19(1):72–84.

ASD

Biographical history of technology > Coolidge, William David
5 превосходить

. значительно превосходить; не намного превышать

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The features move at a speed that is in excess of the speed of light.

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The total horse power is in excess of (or exceeds, or is over, or is more than) 5000.

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The repulsive forces always exceed the attractive ones.

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Shipments are expected to top $2 billion.

II

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Crystallized alumina is excelled (or surpassed) in hardness only by diamond and carborundum.

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Such magnets can outperform wirewound fields for accuracy.

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This product has outstripped the standards of the industry.

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The timer greatly surpasses pneumatic timers in reliability.

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In this one respect, the system with bang-bang control is superior to the system with on-off control.

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Electric locomotives can outperform (or are superior to) their diesel counterparts in almost every respect.

Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > превосходить
6 set

1. I
abs

1) the sun is setting солнце садится /заходит/

2) his power has begun to set его могущество /власть/ слабеет; his star has set его звезда закатилась; his glory has set его слава померкла

3) cement has set цемент схватился /затвердел/; the glue did not set клей не засох; the jelly has set желе застыло; blood (the white of the egg, etc.) set кровь и т.д. свернулась; the milk set молоко свернулось /створожилось/; all his muscles set все его мускулы напряглись; his face set его лицо-окаменело /застыло/

4) young trees set молодые деревца принялись; the blossoms were abundant but they failed to set цветение было бурным, но плоды не завязались
2. II
1) set at some time the sun sets early (late, etc.) солнце заходит рано и т.д.; set in some manner the sun sets slowly солнце медленно садится

2) set somewhere set ashore сойти на берег

3) set at some time the jelly hasn't set yet желе еще не застыло; set in some manner cement (mortar, glue, etc.) sets quickly цемент и т.д. быстро застывает /схватывается/; her hair sets easily ее волосы легко укладывать, у нее послушные волосы; his lips set stubbornly его губы упрямо сжались; his teeth set stubbornly он упрямо стиснул зубы
3. III
1) set smth. set a broken bone (dislocated joints, etc.) вправить кость и т.д.; set one's hair укладывать волосы; set the table накрывать на стол; set the stage расставлять декорации; set the scene подготовить обстановку; set the sails а) ставить паруса; б) отправляться в плавание; set a piano настраивать пианино; set a palette подготавливать палитру; set a razor править бритву; set a saw разводить пилу; set a clock (the hands of the watch, the alarm-clock) поставить часы; set the focus of a microscope настроить микроскоп; set a map ориентировать карту

2) set smb., smth. set guards /sentries, watches/ расставлять часовых /караульных и т.п./; set the guard (the pickets) выставлять караул (пикеты)

3) set smth. set the wedding day (the time, a date, a price, etc.) назначать день свадьбы и т.д.; set a fine устанавливать размер штрафа; set the course разработать /выработать/ курс; set standards (limits, a time-limit, boundaries, etc.) устанавливать нормы и т.д.; set requirements определять / вырабатывать/ требования; set a punishment наложить взыскание

4) set smth. set an examination-paper (questions, problems, etc.) составлять письменную экзаменационную работу и т.д.; set a new style (a tone) задавать новый стиль (тон); set the fashion вводить моду; set a new model (a pattern) внедрять новый образец (покрой); set the расе задавать темп; set a record устанавливать рекорд; set a precedent создавать прецедент; set a good (bad) example подавать хороший (дурной) пример

5) set smth. set a trap (a snare) поставить капкан (силки); set an ambush устроить засаду
4. IV
1) set smth. somewhere set the books back положить /поставить/ книги на место; set the chairs back отодвигать стулья; set back one's shoulders расправить плечи; the dog set its ears back собака прижала уши; set the clock (one's watch, the alarm, the hand of the watch, etc.) back one hour перевести часы /отвести часы/ на один час назад; set one's watch forward one hour поставить /перевести/ часы на один час вперед; set a house well (some distance /some way/, a fair distance, etc.) back from the road (from the street, etc.) построить /поставить/ дом вдали и т.д. от дороги и т.д.; set the book (one's knitting, the newspaper, etc.) aside отложить в сторону /отодвинуть/ книгу и т.A; set down one's load (one's suitcase, a box, etc.) опустить свой груз и т.д. (на землю)-, set the tray down поставить (на стол и т.я.) поднос; set the chair upright поднять стул; set smb. somewhere set the dogs apart растащить [дерущихся] собак; set the children apart отделять /изолировать/ детей

2) set smb., smth. in some direction the current set them (the boat, the ship, etc.) northward (seawards, etc.) течением их и т.д. понесло к северу и т.д.
5. V
set smb. smth.

1) set the boys (the students, the employees, etc.) a difficult job (an easy task, a difficult problem, the job of cleaning the yard, etc.) (заплавать мальчикам и т.д. трудную работу и т.д., set oneself a difficult task ставить перед бабой трудную задачу; set him a sum задавать ему арифметическую задачу; set one's son a goal поставить перед своим сыном цель

2) set the children (the younger boys, youngsters, other people, etc.) a good example подавать детям и т.д. хороший пример; set smb. smth. to do smth. set smb. a standard /a pattern/ to follow служить для кого-л. образцом, которому надо следовать
6. VI
set smth., smb. in some state

1) set the window (the door, the gates, etc.) open открывать /оставлять открытым/ окно и т.д.; set the door ajar приоткрывать дверь, оставить дверь полуоткрытой; set one's hat (one's tie, one's skirt, etc.) straight поправить шляпу и т.д., надеть шляпу и т.д. как следует; set the prisoners (the bird, etc.) free освобождать /выпускать на свободу, на волю/ узников и т.д.; set the dog loose спускать собаку (с цепи, с поводка и т.п.); a good night's rest will set you right за ночь вы отдохнете и снова будете хорошо себя чувствовать; why didn't you set the boy right? почему же вы не поправили мальчика?; I can soon set that right я могу это быстро уладить или исправить; set errors right исправлять ошибки; it would set him (myself) right in their eyes это оправдает его (меня) в их глазах; set things /matters/ straight /right/ уладить дела; set things ready приводить все в готовность; set smb.'s curiosity agog возбуждать чье-л. любопытство

2) set a melody half a tone higher (lower) транспонировать мелодию на полтона выше (ниже); set a piano too high настроить фортепиано слишком высоко
7. VII
1) set smb. to do smth. set the men to chop wood (the men to saw wood, the boys to dig a field, the pupils to work at their algebra, the girl to shell peas, the pupils to sing, etc.) заставлять рабочих колоть дрова и т.д.; I set him to work at mowing the lawn я велел ему /дал ему задание/ постричь газон; я вменил ему в обязанность подстригать газон; whom did you set to do this? кому вы поручили это сделать?; I set myself to study the problem я решил взяться за изучение этого вопроса; he set himself to finish the job by the end of May он твердо решил /поставил себе целью/ закончить работу к концу мая

2) set smth. to do smth. set a machine (a device, a mechanism, etc.) to work приводить в действие /завалять. запускать/ машину и т.д.; set the alarm clock to wake us at seven заводить будильник, чтобы он поднял нас в семь часов, поставить будильник на семь часов

3) set smth. to do smth. set a pattern to be followed подавать пример; создавать пример для подражания
8. VIII
set smb., smth. doing smth. set everybody (the company, people, me, etc.) thinking (singing, running, etc.) заставить всех и т.д. (при)задуматься и т.д.; set smb. talking а) заставить кого-л. говорить, разговорить кого-л.; I set him talking about the new invention (about the discovery, about marriage, etc.) я навел его на разговор о новом изобретении и т.д.; б) дать кому-л. пищу для разговоров; this incident set people talking этот случай /инцидент/ вызвал всякие пересуды; my jokes set the whole table (the company, the audience, the boys, etc.) laughing мой шутки смешили всех за столом и т.д.; set them wondering вызвать у них удивление; the smoke set her coughing от дыма она закашлялась; who has set the dog barking? кто там прошел?, почему лает собака?; set tongues wagging вызывать толки /пересуды/, давать пищу для сплетен; the news set my heart beating эта новость заставила мое сердце забиться; it's time we set the machinery (the machine, the engine, etc.) going пора запустить механизм и т.д. /привести механизм и т.д. в действие/; when anybody entered the device set the bell ringing когда кто-нибудь входил, срабатывало устройство и звонок начинал звонить; а strong wind set the bells ringing от сильного ветра колокола зазвонили; set a top spinning запускать волчок; а false step will set stones rolling один неверный шаг set и камни покатятся вниз; set a plan going начать осуществление плана; we must set things going надо начинать действовать
9. XI
1) be set in (near, round, on, etc.) smth. her house is set well back in the garden (near the road, some way back from the street, on a hill, etc.) ее дом стоит а глубине сада и т.д.; а town (a country-seat, a village, etc.) is set in a woodland (on an island, north of /from/ London, etc.) город и т.д. расположен в лесистой местности и т.д.; а boundary stone is set between two fields поля разделяет межевой камень; а balcony is set round the house вокруг дома идет балкон; the second act (the scene, the play, etc.) is set in ancient Rome (in a street, in Paris, etc.) действие второго акта и т.д. происходит в древнем Риме и т.д.; а screen is set in a wall экран вделан /вмонтирован/ в стену; there was a little door set in a wall в стене была маленькая дверка; а ruby (a diamond, etc.) was set in a buckle (in a gold ring, in an earring, etc.) в пряжку и т.д. был вделан /вставлен/ рубин и т.д.; а ruby is set in gold рубин в золотой оправе /оправлен золотом/; his blue eyes are set deep in a white face на его бледном лице глубоко посажены голубые глаза; the young plants should be set at intervals of six inches эти молодые растения надо сажать на расстоянии шести дюймов [друг от друга]; be set with smth. the coast is set with modem resorts на побережье раскинулось множество современных курортов; the tops of the wall were set with broken glass верхний край стены был утыкан битым стеклом; the room is set with tables and chairs комната заставлена столами и стульями; tables were set with little sprays of blue flowers столы были украшены маленькими букетиками синих цветов: the field was set with daisies поле было усеяно маргаритками; the sky was set with stars небо было усыпано звездами; а bracelet (a ring, a crown, a sword-handle, a valuable ornament, etc.) was set with diamonds (with jewels, with gems, with rubies, with pearls, with precious stones, etc.) браслет и т.д. был украшен /усыпан/ бриллиантами и т.д.; а gold ring set with two fine pearls золотое кольцо с двумя большими жемчужинами

2) be set in some direction the course is set to the west курс проложен на запад

3) be set on smth., smb. he (his mind, his heart) was set on it ему этого очень хотелось; his heart was set on her a) он любил лишь ее; б) все его помыслы были связаны с ней; be set on doing smth. be set on going to the stage (on coming here again, etc.) твердо решить пойти на сцену и т.д.; be set on going to the sea окончательно решить стать моряком; be set on having a motor bike (on winning, on finding him, etc.) поставить своей целью приобрести мотоцикл и т.д.; be set against smth.,smb. he is set against all reforms (against having electric light in the house, against this marriage, against the trip, etc.) он решительно [настроен] против всяких реформ и т.д.; he is set against her он и слышать о ней не хочет; be set against doing smth. he was violently set against meeting her он упорно отказывался встретиться /от встречи/ с ней /противился встрече с ней/

4) be set on by smb. she was set on by robbers (by a lot of roughs in the dark, by a dog, etc.) на нее напали грабители и т.д.

5) be set the table is set стол накрыт; the sails are set паруса подняты; be set for smb., smth. the table is set for six стол накрыт на шесть человек /персон/; the table is set for dinner (for lunch, etc.) стол накрыт к обеду и т.д.; be set in some state slaves (prisoners, hostages, etc.) were set free /at liberty/ рабы и т.д. были освобождены /отпущены на волю/; this must be set in order a) это надо привести в порядок; б) это надо разместить /разложить/ по порядку; the motor was set in motion включили мотор

6) be set at some time the mortar is already set цемент уже схватился /затвердел/; the jelly is not set yet желе еще не застыло; has the type for the book been set yet? эту книгу уже набрали?; it was all set now теперь все было готово /подготовлено/; be set in some manner his lips (his jaws, his teeth) were firmly set in an effort to control himself он плотно сжал губы (челюсти, зубы), пытаясь овладеть собой; his mind and character are completely set он вполне сформировался /сложился/ как личность; be set to do smth. be set to go there быть готовым пойти туда; two pumps (machines, wheels, etc.) were set to work два насоса и т.д. были включены /приведены в действие/; be set for smth. be set for the talk (for the meeting, for the game, for the journey, etc.) быть готовым к разговору и т.д.; the scene is set for the tragedy (for the drama, for the climax, etc.) события (в книге, в пьесе и т.п.) подводят /подготавливают/ (читателя, зрителя и т.п.) к трагедии и т.д.; he was all set for a brilliant career у него были все задатки для блестящей карьеры

7) be set over smb. he was set over people ему была дана власть над людьми; he was set over his rivals его ставили выше его соперников

8) be set against smth. one's expenses must be set against the amount received расходы следует соразмерить с доходами; the advantages must be set against the disadvantages надо учесть все плюсы и минусы; against these gains must be set the loss of prestige оценивая эти выгоды, нельзя забывать об ущербе в связи с потерей престижа; it's no good when theory is set against practice плохо, когда теорию противопоставляют практике; when one language is set against another... когда один язык сравнивают /сопоставляют/ с другим...

9) be set for some time the examination (the voting, his departure, etc.) is set for today (for May 2, etc.) экзамен и т.д. назначен на сегодня и т.д., the party is all set for Monday at my place решено вечеринку провести в понедельник у меня; the time and date of the meeting have not yet been set дата и время собрания еще не установлены; be set by smth., smb. rules (standards, terms, fees, etc.) are set by a committee (by the law, by the headmaster, etc.) правила и т.д. устанавливаются комиссией и т.д.

10) be set the list of questions is set список вопросов /вопросник/ составлен; be set for smth. what subjects have been set for the examination next year? какие предметы включены в экзамен на будущий год? || be set to music быть положенным на музыку

11) be set in smth. the editorial was set in boldface type передовая была набрана жирным шрифтом
10. XII
have smth. set we have everything set у нас все готово /подготовлено/; the ship has her sails set корабль поднял паруса; have a place set for a guest поставить прибор для гостя
11. XIII
set to do smth. set to dig the garden (to write letters, etc.) начать вскапывать сад и т.д.; the engineers set to repair the bridge инженеры приступили к ремонту моста
12. XVI
1) set behind (in, on, etc.) smth. the sun sets behind the western range of mountains солнце садится за горной грядой на западе; the sun sets in the sea солнце садится в море; the sun never sets on our country над нашей страной никогда не заходит солнце; set at (in) smth. the sun sets at five o'clock (in the evening, etc.) солнце заходит в пять часов и т.д.

2) set against (to, from, etc.) smth. set against the wind (against the current) двигаться, направляться (идти, плыть и т.п.) против ветра (против течения); set against the tide идти против прилива; the wind sets from the south (from the west, from the north-east, etc.) ветер дует с юга и т.д.: the current sets to the west (to the south, through the channel, through the straits, etc.) течение идет на запад и т.д.; the tide has set in his favour ему начинает везти

3) set against (with) smth., smb. public opinion is setting against this proposal (against this plan, against his visit, against him, etc.) общественное мнение складывается не в пользу этого предложения и т.д.; circumstances were setting with our plan (with him, etc.) обстоятельства складывались благоприятно для осуществления нашего плана и т.д.

4) set about (upon, on, to) smth. set about the study of mineralogy (about the composition, about it, about one's washing, about one's work, etc.) приниматься /браться/ за изучение минералогии и т.д.; I don't know how to set about this job не знаю, как приступить /как подступиться/ к этой работе; they set upon the task unwillingly они неохотно взялись за выполнение этой задачи; set to work in earnest, set seriously to work серьезно браться за работу; set to work on the problem приняться за работу над этой проблемой; set to work on one's studies начать заниматься, приняться за учение

5) set up (on) smb. set upon the enemy атаковать противника; а gang of ruffians set on him на него напала шайка хулиганов; they set upon him with blows они набросились на него с кулаками; they set upon us with arguments они обрушились на нас со своими доводами; set about /at/ smb. coll. set about the boys (about the stranger, about the supporters of the other team, at the bully, etc.) набрасываться /налетать, наскакивать/ на мальчишек и т.д.; they set about each other at once они сразу же сцепились друг с другом /начали колошматить друг друга/; I'd set about you myself if I could я бы сам отколотил тебя, если бы мог; I'd set about him with a stick (with the butt of the spade, etc.) if we have any trouble если что [не так], я стукну его палкой и т.д.

6) set in smth. cement soon sets in dry weather (in the cold, in the sun, etc.) в сухую погоду /когда сухо,/ и т.д. цемент быстро затвердевает /застывает/
13. XVII
set about (to) doing smth. set about getting dinner ready (about tidying up the room, about doing one's lessons, about stamp-collecting, late.) приниматься за обед /за приготовление обеда/ и т.д.; I must. set about my packing мне надо [начать] укладываться; he asked me how lie should set about learning German он спросил меня, с чего ему начать изучение немецкого языка; set to arguing (to fighting, to quarrelling. etc.) начинать /приниматься/ спорить и т.д.; they set to packing они стали упаковываться
14. XXI1
1) set smth., smb. on (at, against, in, before, for, etc.) smth., smb. set dishes (a lamp, one's glass, etc.) on the table поставить тарелки и т.д. на стол; set a place for the guest поставить прибор для гостя; set food and drink (wine and nuts, meat, a dish, etc.) before guests (before travellers, etc.) поставить еду и напитки и т.д. перед гостями и т.д.; set a table by the window (an armchair before a desk, a floor-lamp beside an armchair, etc.) поставить стол у окна и т.д.; set chairs around (at) a table расставлять стулья вокруг (у) стола; set a ladder (a bicycle, a stick, etc.) against a wall прислонить /приставить/ лестницу и т.д. к стене; set one's hand on smb.'s shoulder положить руку кому-л. на плечо; set a hand against the door опереться рукой о дверь; set smb. on his feet поставить кого-л. на ноги

2) set smth., smb. in (by, on, upon, etc.) smth. set things in their place again вернуть /положить/ вещи на место; set flowers in the water (in a vase, etc.) поставить цветы в воду и т.д.; set glass in a window вставлять стекло в окно; set lamps in 'walls вделывать светильники в стены; set one's foot in the stirrup вставить ногу в стремя; set the stake in the ground вкопать столб в землю; set a pearl (a jewel, a diamond, etc.) in gold оправлять жемчужину и т.д. в золото; set smb. by the fire усадить кого-л. у огня: set a child in a high chair посадить ребенка ка высокий стул; set smb. in the dock посадить кого-л. на скамью подсудимых; set a wheel on an axle насадить колесо на ось: set a hen on eggs, set eggs under a hen посадить курицу на яйца; set a boy on horseback подсадить мальчика на лошадь; set smb. on the pedestal поставить /возвести/ кого-л. на пьедестал; set troops on shore высадить войска [на берег]; set one's foot oil a step поставить ногу на ступеньку; set foot on shore ступить на берег; I'll never set foot on your threshold я никогда не переступлю порог вашего дома; set a crown on his head возложить на него корону; set a king on the throne посадить короля на трон; set a kiss upon smb.'s hand приложиться к чьей-л. руке; set smth. with smth. set the top of the wall with broken glass утыкать верхнюю часть стены битым стеклом; set this bed with tulips (with geraniums, etc.) засадить эту клумбу тюльпанами и т.д. || set eyes on smb., smth. увидеть кого-л что-л., I never set eyes on him before today до сегодняшнего дня я его в глаза не видел; that child wants everything he sets his eyes on этому ребенку вынь, да положь все, что он видит

3) set smth. to smth. set a glass (a trumpet, etc.) to one's lips, set one's lips to a glass (to a trumpet, etc.) подносить стакан и т.д. к губам /ко рту/; set a match (a lighter) to a cigarette (to old papers, to a fire, etc.) подносить спичку (зажигалку) к сигарете и т.д.; set one's shoulder to the door налечь плечом на дверь; set spurs to a horse пришпорить лошадь

4) set smb. across smth. set him across the river переправлять его через реку /на другой берег/; set a child across the street перевести ребенка на другую сторону улицы /через улицу/; set smth. by smth. set a ship by the compass вести корабль по компасу; set smth. against (to ward(s), to) smth. set the boat against the wind (against the current) направлять лодку против ветра и т.д.; set one's course to the south направляться на юг; set one's face toward the east (toward home, towards the sun, etc.) повернуться лицом к востоку и т.д.; set smb. after (at, on, etc.) smb., smth. set the police (detectives, etc.) after /on the track of/ the criminal (on her, after the spies, etc.) направлять полицию и т.д. по следу преступника и т.д.; set the boys on the wrong (right) track направлять мальчишек по ложному (по правильному) следу; set a dog at a hare (at a fox, at a bull, at his heels, etc.) пустить собаку по следу зайца и т.д.; set dogs on a stranger (on a trespasser, on thieves, etc.) спустить собак на незнакомца и т.д. || set sail for India отплывать /направляться/ в Индию

5) set smb. against (on, to, etc.) smb., smth. set people against each other (a friend against another, everyone against him, etc.) настраивать людей друг против друга и т.д.; he is trying to set you against me он старается восстановить вас против меня; set oneself against the proposal (against the scheme, against the decision, against his nomination, against him, etc.) был настроенным /выступать/ против этого предложения и т.д.; set the crowd on acts of violence (the crew to mutiny, soldiers to violence, people to robbery, etc.) подстрекать толпу на совершение актов насилия /к насилию/ и т.д.; set smth. against smth. set one thing against another противопоставлять одно другому; set one language against another сопоставлять /сравнивать/ один язык с другим; set smth. on smth. set one's heart /one's mind/ on the trip твердо настроиться на эту поездку; set one's heart on a new dress (on a new car, etc.) жаждать /очень хотеть/ купить новое платье и т.д.; he set his thoughts on the plan все его помыслы направлены на осуществление этого плана || set him at odds with his friends рассорить его с друзьями

6) set smb., smth. to smth. set the class (the boys, him, etc.) to work (to a task, to sums, to dictation, etc.) засадить класс и т.д. за работу и т.д.; set one's mind /one's wits/ to a question (to a task, to a job, etc.) сосредоточиться на каком-л. вопросе и т.д.; you won't find the work difficult if only you set your mind to it если вы серьезно возьметесь за дело, работа не покажется вам трудной; set one's hand to the work (to the task, to the plough, etc.) взяться за работу и т.д.; he set himself resolutely to the task он решительно взялся за выполнение задачи; set а реп to' paper начать писать, взяться за перо; set smth. before smb. set a task (an object) before him поставить перед ним задачу

7) set smth., smb. т (on, at, to) smth. set one's affairs (one's papers, one's house, a room, etc.) in order /to rights/ приводить свои дела и т.д. в порядок; set a machine in motion запустить машину; set the project in motion начинать работу над объектом; set the machinery of the government in motion приводить государственную машину в движение; set a chain reaction in motion вызвать цепную реакцию; his jokes set the audience (the table, the whole room, etc.) in a roar от его шуток вся аудитория и т.д. покатывалась со смеху; set smb. on his guard настораживать кого-л.; set smb. (smb.'s guests, the boy, smb.'s mind, etc.) at ease успокаивать кого-л. и т.д.; he set the girl at ease с ним девушке стало легко /девушка почувствовала себя свободно/; а host should try and set his guests at ease хозяин должен стараться, чтобы его гости чувствовали себя свободно /как дома/: now you may set your mind at ease теперь вы можете перестать волноваться /не волноваться/; set a question (the affair, the matter, etc.) at rest разрешить /урегулировать/ вопрос и т.д.; that sets all my doubts at rest это рассеивает все мои сомнения; set prisoners at liberty освобождать заключенных

8) set smth. for smth. set the table for dinner (for five people, for two, etc.) накрыть стол к обеду и т.д.; set the stage for the next scene in a play подготовить сцену для следующей картины [в пьесе]; set the scene for talks подготовить условия /создать благоприятную обстановку/ для переговоров; set smth. by smth. set one's watch by the radio timesignal (by the town clock, by the clock in the library, by mine, etc.) ставить /сверять/ часы по радиосигналу и т.д.; set smth. to (for, at) smth. set the clock (the hands of the clock) to the correct time (to the proper hour of the day, etc.) точно поставить часы и т.д.; set the alarm for 5 o'clock (the camera lens to infinity, a thermostat at 70°, etc.) поставить будильник на пять часов и т.д.

9) set smb., smth. at (in, он, etc.) smth. set a guard (a sentry, etc.) at the door (at the gate, at the corner of the street, in the nearest village, on the hill, etc.) поставить сторожа /часового/ и т.д. у дверей и т.д.; set pickets around the camp выставлять дозорных вокруг лагеря

10) set smb., smth. over (before, among, etc.) smb., smth. set him over others (a supervisor over the new workers, etc.) назначать его начальником над остальными и т.д.; set Vergil before Homer отдавать предпочтение Вергилию перед Гомером, ставить Вергилия выше Гомера; set the author among the greatest writers of today (the painter among the best artists of the world, the team among the strongest teams of Europe, etc.) считать автора одним из крупнейших писателей современности и т.д.; set duty before pleasure ставить долг выше удовольствий /на первое место/; set honesty above everything (diamonds above rubies, etc.) ценить честность превыше всего и т.д., his intelligence (his talent, his character, etc.) sets him apart from others (from ordinary people, from the normal run of people, etc.) его ум и т.д. выделяют его среди других и т.д.; her bright red hair sets her apart from her sisters из всех сестер у нее одной были ярко-рыжие волосы

11) set smth. at smth. set the price (the value of the canvas, etc.) at t 1000 оценить / назначить, определить цену/ и т.д. в тысячу фунтов; set bail at i 500 установить сумму залога в пятьсот фунтов; set neatness at a high value очень ценить аккуратность, придавать большое значение опрятности; set smth. for smth. set a time for a meeting назначать время собрания; set the rules for a contest вырабатывать правила состязания; set the lesson for tomorrow задавать урок на завтра; set smth. to /for /smth. set limits to smb.'s power (to his extravagance, to his demands, etc.) ограничивать чью-л. власть и т.д., устанавливать предел чьей-л. власти и т.д.; he sets no limit to his ambition его честолюбие не знает предела; set a time-limit for examination установить продолжительность экзамена; set a time-limit for debates установить регламент для выступления в прениях; set a record for the mile устанавливать рекорд в беге на одну милю; set an end to it положить этому конец; set smth. on smth., smb. set a high value on life (on punctuality, etc.) высоко ценить жизнь и т.д.; set a punishment on smb. налагать наказание на кого-л., определять кому-л. меру наказания; set a price on smb.'s head /on smb.'s life/ назначить награду за чью-л. голову /за чью-л. жизнь/; set smth. at some time set the death of the man at midnight установить, что смерть этого человека наступила в полночь || set much store by smth. придавать большее значение чему-л.; set much store by social position (by daily exercise, by what the neighbours say, by the opinion of people like him, etc.) придавать большое значение общественному положению и т.д.

12) set smth. for (in, to, etc.) smth. set papers for the examination составлять экзаменационные работы; set new questions (problems, etc.) in an examination подготовить новые вопросы и т.д. для экзамена; set the words (this poem, etc.) to music положить эти слова и т.д. на музыку; set new words to an old tune сочинить новые слова на старый мотив; set Othello to music а) написать музыку к "Отелло"; б) написать /сочинить/ оперу "Отелло"; set a piece of music for the violin переложить музыкальное произведение для скрипки

13) set smth. before smb. set a plan (facts, one's theory, one's proposals, etc.) before the council (before the chief, before experts, etc.) изложить совету /представить на рассмотрение совета/ и т.д. план и т.д.

14) set smth. to smth. set one's name /one's signature, one's hand/ to a document подписать документ; set a seal to the decree скрепить указ печатью; set smth. on smth. set a veto on smth. накладывать запрет на что-л.

15) set smth. on (in) smth., smb. set one's life on a chance рисковать жизнью в надежде на удачу; set one's future on a chance строить планы на будущее в расчете на счастливое стечение обстоятельств; set hopes on a chance (on him, on his uncle, etc.) надеяться /возлагать надежды/ на случай и т.д.

16) set smth. for smb. set a snare for a fox поставить капкан на лису; set poison for rats разложить отраву для крыс

17) set smth. for smth. set milk for cheese ставить молоко на творог, створаживать молоко

18) || set fire to a house (to a barn, etc.) поджигать дом и т.д.; set the woods (a woodpile, etc.) on fire поджигать лес и т.д.
15. XXII
1) set smth. on doing smth. set one's heart /one's hopes, one's mind, one's thoughts/ on becoming an engineer (on going with us, on going abroad, etc.) очень хотеть /стремиться/ стать инженером и т.д.; I set my heart on going today я решил ехать сегодня; he sets his hopes on getting on in life он очень надеется преуспеть в жизни /добиться в жизни успеха/; if he once sets his mind on doing something it takes a lot to dissuade him если он настроился на что-либо, его очень трудно отговорить

2) set smb. to doing smth. set him to woodchopping поставить его на колку дров, заставить его колоть дрова; set her to thinking заставить ее задуматься; set a child to crying довести ребенка до слез; he set himself to amusing me он изо всех сил старался развлечь меня
16. XXIV1
set smth. as smth. set education (money, revenge, etc.) as one's goal /as one's aim, as one's object, as one's purpose, as one's task/ поставить себе целью получить образование в т.д.

English-Russian dictionary of verb phrases > set
7 World War II

(1939-1945)

   In the European phase of the war, neutral Portugal contributed more to the Allied victory than historians have acknowledged. Portugal experienced severe pressures to compromise her neutrality from both the Axis and Allied powers and, on several occasions, there were efforts to force Portugal to enter the war as a belligerent. Several factors lent Portugal importance as a neutral. This was especially the case during the period from the fall of France in June 1940 to the Allied invasion and reconquest of France from June to August 1944.

   In four respects, Portugal became briefly a modest strategic asset for the Allies and a war materiel supplier for both sides: the country's location in the southwesternmost corner of the largely German-occupied European continent; being a transport and communication terminus, observation post for spies, and crossroads between Europe, the Atlantic, the Americas, and Africa; Portugal's strategically located Atlantic islands, the Azores, Madeira, and Cape Verde archipelagos; and having important mines of wolfram or tungsten ore, crucial for the war industry for hardening steel.

   To maintain strict neutrality, the Estado Novo regime dominated by Antônio de Oliveira Salazar performed a delicate balancing act. Lisbon attempted to please and cater to the interests of both sets of belligerents, but only to the extent that the concessions granted would not threaten Portugal's security or its status as a neutral. On at least two occasions, Portugal's neutrality status was threatened. First, Germany briefly considered invading Portugal and Spain during 1940-41. A second occasion came in 1943 and 1944 as Great Britain, backed by the United States, pressured Portugal to grant war-related concessions that threatened Portugal's status of strict neutrality and would possibly bring Portugal into the war on the Allied side. Nazi Germany's plan ("Operation Felix") to invade the Iberian Peninsula from late 1940 into 1941 was never executed, but the Allies occupied and used several air and naval bases in Portugal's Azores Islands.

   The second major crisis for Portugal's neutrality came with increasing Allied pressures for concessions from the summer of 1943 to the summer of 1944. Led by Britain, Portugal's oldest ally, Portugal was pressured to grant access to air and naval bases in the Azores Islands. Such bases were necessary to assist the Allies in winning the Battle of the Atlantic, the naval war in which German U-boats continued to destroy Allied shipping. In October 1943, following tedious negotiations, British forces began to operate such bases and, in November 1944, American forces were allowed to enter the islands. Germany protested and made threats, but there was no German attack.

   Tensions rose again in the spring of 1944, when the Allies demanded that Lisbon cease exporting wolfram to Germany. Salazar grew agitated, considered resigning, and argued that Portugal had made a solemn promise to Germany that wolfram exports would be continued and that Portugal could not break its pledge. The Portuguese ambassador in London concluded that the shipping of wolfram to Germany was "the price of neutrality." Fearing that a still-dangerous Germany could still attack Portugal, Salazar ordered the banning of the mining, sale, and exports of wolfram not only to Germany but to the Allies as of 6 June 1944.

   Portugal did not enter the war as a belligerent, and its forces did not engage in combat, but some Portuguese experienced directly or indirectly the impact of fighting. Off Portugal or near her Atlantic islands, Portuguese naval personnel or commercial fishermen rescued at sea hundreds of victims of U-boat sinkings of Allied shipping in the Atlantic. German U-boats sank four or five Portuguese merchant vessels as well and, in 1944, a U-boat stopped, boarded, searched, and forced the evacuation of a Portuguese ocean liner, the Serpa Pinto, in mid-Atlantic. Filled with refugees, the liner was not sunk but several passengers lost their lives and the U-boat kidnapped two of the ship's passengers, Portuguese Americans of military age, and interned them in a prison camp. As for involvement in a theater of war, hundreds of inhabitants were killed and wounded in remote East Timor, a Portuguese colony near Indonesia, which was invaded, annexed, and ruled by Japanese forces between February 1942 and August 1945. In other incidents, scores of Allied military planes, out of fuel or damaged in air combat, crashed or were forced to land in neutral Portugal. Air personnel who did not survive such crashes were buried in Portuguese cemeteries or in the English Cemetery, Lisbon.

   Portugal's peripheral involvement in largely nonbelligerent aspects of the war accelerated social, economic, and political change in Portugal's urban society. It strengthened political opposition to the dictatorship among intellectual and working classes, and it obliged the regime to bolster political repression. The general economic and financial status of Portugal, too, underwent improvements since creditor Britain, in order to purchase wolfram, foods, and other materials needed during the war, became indebted to Portugal. When Britain repaid this debt after the war, Portugal was able to restore and expand its merchant fleet. Unlike most of Europe, ravaged by the worst war in human history, Portugal did not suffer heavy losses of human life, infrastructure, and property. Unlike even her neighbor Spain, badly shaken by its terrible Civil War (1936-39), Portugal's immediate postwar condition was more favorable, especially in urban areas, although deep-seated poverty remained.

   Portugal experienced other effects, especially during 1939-42, as there was an influx of about a million war refugees, an infestation of foreign spies and other secret agents from 60 secret intelligence services, and the residence of scores of international journalists who came to report the war from Lisbon. There was also the growth of war-related mining (especially wolfram and tin). Portugal's media eagerly reported the war and, by and large, despite government censorship, the Portuguese print media favored the Allied cause. Portugal's standard of living underwent some improvement, although price increases were unpopular.

   The silent invasion of several thousand foreign spies, in addition to the hiring of many Portuguese as informants and spies, had fascinating outcomes. "Spyland" Portugal, especially when Portugal was a key point for communicating with occupied Europe (1940-44), witnessed some unusual events, and spying for foreigners at least briefly became a national industry. Until mid-1944, when Allied forces invaded France, Portugal was the only secure entry point from across the Atlantic to Europe or to the British Isles, as well as the escape hatch for refugees, spies, defectors, and others fleeing occupied Europe or Vichy-controlled Morocco, Tunisia, and Algeria. Through Portugal by car, ship, train, or scheduled civil airliner one could travel to and from Spain or to Britain, or one could leave through Portugal, the westernmost continental country of Europe, to seek refuge across the Atlantic in the Americas.

   The wartime Portuguese scene was a colorful melange of illegal activities, including espionage, the black market, war propaganda, gambling, speculation, currency counterfeiting, diamond and wolfram smuggling, prostitution, and the drug and arms trade, and they were conducted by an unusual cast of characters. These included refugees, some of whom were spies, smugglers, diplomats, and business people, many from foreign countries seeking things they could find only in Portugal: information, affordable food, shelter, and security. German agents who contacted Allied sailors in the port of Lisbon sought to corrupt and neutralize these men and, if possible, recruit them as spies, and British intelligence countered this effort. Britain's MI-6 established a new kind of "safe house" to protect such Allied crews from German espionage and venereal disease infection, an approved and controlled house of prostitution in Lisbon's bairro alto district.

   Foreign observers and writers were impressed with the exotic, spy-ridden scene in Lisbon, as well as in Estoril on the Sun Coast (Costa do Sol), west of Lisbon harbor. What they observed appeared in noted autobiographical works and novels, some written during and some after the war. Among notable writers and journalists who visited or resided in wartime Portugal were Hungarian writer and former communist Arthur Koestler, on the run from the Nazi's Gestapo; American radio broadcaster-journalist Eric Sevareid; novelist and Hollywood script-writer Frederick Prokosch; American diplomat George Kennan; Rumanian cultural attache and later scholar of mythology Mircea Eliade; and British naval intelligence officer and novelist-to-be Ian Fleming. Other notable visiting British intelligence officers included novelist Graham Greene; secret Soviet agent in MI-6 and future defector to the Soviet Union Harold "Kim" Philby; and writer Malcolm Muggeridge. French letters were represented by French writer and airman, Antoine Saint-Exupery and French playwright, Jean Giroudoux. Finally, Aquilino Ribeiro, one of Portugal's premier contemporary novelists, wrote about wartime Portugal, including one sensational novel, Volframio, which portrayed the profound impact of the exploitation of the mineral wolfram on Portugal's poor, still backward society.

   In Estoril, Portugal, the idea for the world's most celebrated fictitious spy, James Bond, was probably first conceived by Ian Fleming. Fleming visited Portugal several times after 1939 on Naval Intelligence missions, and later he dreamed up the James Bond character and stories. Background for the early novels in the James Bond series was based in part on people and places Fleming observed in Portugal. A key location in Fleming's first James Bond novel, Casino Royale (1953) is the gambling Casino of Estoril. In addition, one aspect of the main plot, the notion that a spy could invent "secret" intelligence for personal profit, was observed as well by the British novelist and former MI-6 officer, while engaged in operations in wartime Portugal. Greene later used this information in his 1958 spy novel, Our Man in Havana, as he observed enemy agents who fabricated "secrets" for money.

   Thus, Portugal's World War II experiences introduced the country and her people to a host of new peoples, ideas, products, and influences that altered attitudes and quickened the pace of change in this quiet, largely tradition-bound, isolated country. The 1943-45 connections established during the Allied use of air and naval bases in Portugal's Azores Islands were a prelude to Portugal's postwar membership in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).

Historical dictionary of Portugal > World War II
8 maître

maître°, maîtresse [mεtʀ, mεtʀεs]

1. masculine noun

   a. ( = patron) master

• le maître des lieux the master of the house

• coup de maître masterstroke

• rester maître de soi to keep one's self-control(PROV) tel maître, tel chien(PROV) like master or like owner, like dog

► être + maître

• être son propre maître to be one's own master

• être maître de refuser to be free to refuse

• être maître de soi to be in control

• être maître de la situation to be in control of the situation

• être maître de sa destinée to be the master of one's fate

• il est passé maître dans l'art de mentir he's a past master in the art of lying

   b. ( = enseignant) teacher

• maître d'anglais English teacher

   c. ( = titre) Maître term of address to lawyers etc ; (à un musicien) Maestro

• Maître X ( = avocat) Mr (or Mrs) X

2. feminine noun

maîtresse

   a. ( = amante) mistress

   b. ( = enseignante) teacher

• maîtresse ! please Miss!

3. adjective

   a. ( = principal) main ; [carte] master

• c'est son œuvre maîtresse it's his masterwork

• c'est la pièce maîtresse de la collection it's the jewel of the collection

• idée maîtresse principal idea

• c'est le maître mot it's the key word

• en mode maître-esclave (en informatique) in master-slave mode

4. compounds

► maître d'armes fencing master

► maître artisan master craftsman ; ( = boulanger) master baker

► maître auxiliaire non-certified teacher

► maître/maîtresse de ballet ballet master/mistress

► maître de cérémonies master of ceremonies

► maître chanteur blackmailer

► maître de conférences (University) ≈ lecturer (Brit), ≈ assistant professor (US)

► maître/maîtresse d'école teacher

► maître d'hôtel [de maison] butler ; [d'hôtel, restaurant] head waiter

► maître de maison host

► maîtresse de maison housewife ; ( = hôtesse) hostess

► maître nageur swimming teacher

► maître d'œuvre (Construction) project manager

► maître d'ouvrage (Construction) owner

* * *

1.

- esse mɛtʀ, ɛs adjectif

1) ( en contrôle)

être maître de soi — ( calme) to have self-control

être maître de faire — to be free to do

être maître de ses émotions — to keep one's emotions under control

être maître chez soi — to be master in one's own house

être maître de son (propre) destin — to be master of one's destiny

rester maître de la décision — to retain control over the decision

être maître de son véhicule — to be in control of one's vehicle

se rendre maître d'une ville — to take over a city

2) ( principal)

idée maîtresse — key idea

maître mot — catchword

maître ouvrage or œuvre maîtresse — magnum opus

qualité maîtresse — main quality

2.

nom masculin, féminin

1) École teacher

2) ( de maison) master/mistress

3) ( d'animal) owner

un chien et son maître — a dog and its master

3.

nom masculin

1) ( dirigeant)

être (le) seul maître à bord — lit, fig to be in sole command

être le maître du pays — to rule the country

être son propre maître — to be one's own master/mistress

régner en maître absolu — to reign supreme ( sur over)

être le maître du jeu — to have the upper hand

2) ( expert)

tu es un maître — you're an expert

Hitchcock, le maître du suspense — Hitchcock, the master of suspense

être passé maître dans l'art de faire — to be a past master at doing

en maître — masterfully

de main de maître — in a masterly fashion

coup de maître — masterstroke; grand

3) (guide, enseignant) master

4) Art, Littérature master

5) ( titre) Maître

6) Jeux

être maître à carreau — to hold the master card in diamonds

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- maître d'armes

- maître d'hôtel

- maître d'œuvre

- maître d'ouvrage

- maître à penser

- maîtresse femme

••

trouver son maître — to meet one's match

nul ne peut servir deux maîtres — a man cannot serve two masters

* * *
mɛtʀ, mɛtʀɛs (-esse)
1. nm/f

1) [région, peuple] ruler

les maîtres du monde — the rulers of the world

être maître de [soi-même, la situation] — to be in control of

se rendre maître de [pays, ville] — to gain control of, [situation, incendie] to bring under control

2) [domestique, esclaves, chien] master (mistress)

être son propre maître — to be one's own master

chambre de maître — master bedroom

3) ÉDUCATION primary school teacher

4) (= artisan, artiste) master

maître boulanger — master baker

être passé maître dans l'art de — to be a past master in the art of

un coup de maître — a master stroke

2. nm

(titre)

Maître — Maître
term of address for lawyers etc
3. nf

(= amante) mistress

4. adj

1) (atout) master

2)

une maîtresse femme — a forceful woman

* * *

maître, - esse ⇒ Les grades

A adj

1 ( en contrôle) être maître de soi ( libre) to be one's own master; ( calme) to have self-control; être maître de sa vie to be one's own man/woman; ne plus être maître de soi to have lost all self-control; être maître de ses émotions to keep one's emotions under control; être maître chez soi to be master in one's own house; être maître du destin de qn to have sb's fate in one's hands; être maître de son (propre) destin to be master of one's destiny; devenir/redevenir maître de son destin to take/regain control of one's destiny; être maître de la situation to be in control of the situation; rester maître de la décision to retain control over the decision; être maître de son véhicule/la balle to be in control of one's vehicle/the ball; se rendre maître d'une ville/d'un navire to take over a city/a ship; ⇒ charbonnier;

2 ( principal) idée maîtresse key idea; maître mot catchword; maître ouvrage or œuvre maîtresse magnum opus; qualité maîtresse main quality; maîtresse branche, branche maîtresse Bot limb; être passé maître dans l'art de qch/de faire to be a past master of sth/at doing; être maître dans l'art du récit/de négocier to be a master of narrative/at negotiating; maîtresse femme high-powered woman.

B nm,f

1 Scol teacher; notre maîtresse est dehors our teacher is outside; maîtresse! ( pour l'appeler) please, miss!;

2 ( de maison) master/mistress; la maîtresse des lieux the mistress ou lady of the house; maîtres et valets upstairs and downstairs;

3 ( d'animal) owner; ( de chien) master; un chat et sa maîtresse a cat and its owner; un chien et son maître a dog and its master; sans maître ownerless.

C nm

1 ( dirigeant) être (le) seul maître à bord lit, fig to be in sole command; être le maître du pays/de la ville to rule the country/the city; le maître du Kremlin/du monde the ruler of the Kremlin/of the world; être maître de faire to be free to do; être son propre maître to be one's own master/mistress; régner en maître to reign (sur over); régner en maître absolu to reign supreme (sur over); décider en maître to have the final say; être le maître du jeu to have the upper hand; avoir l'oreille du maître to have the boss's ear; ⇒ serviteur;

2 ( expert) tu es un maître you're an expert; Hitchcock, le maître du genre/du suspense Hitchcock, the master of the genre/of suspense; maître consommé/reconnu consummate/acknowledged master; en maître masterfully; joué de main de maître played in a masterly fashion; coup de maître masterstroke; ⇒ grand;

3 (guide, enseignant) master; Platon est mon seul maître Plato is my only master;

4 Art, Littérat master; les maîtres anversois/vénitiens the Antwerp/Venetian masters; les maîtres de la littérature mondiale the masters of world literature; Maître de 1518/de Flémalle Master of 1518/of Flémalle; ⇒ petit;

5 ( titre) Maître; comment allez-vous, cher maître? how are you, dear Maître?;

6 Mil, Naut ( grade) ≈ chief petty officer, CPO; ⇒ premier;

7 Jeux être maître à carreau/pique to hold the master card in diamonds/spades.

D maîtres nmpl Scol teachers; parents et maîtres parents and teachers; grève des maîtres teachers' strike.

E maîtresse nf

1 ( amante) mistress; avoir de nombreuses maîtresses to have many mistresses;

2 †( bien-aimée) lover†.

Composés

maître d'armes Sport fencing instructor; maître auxiliaire, MA Scol secondary teacher without tenure; maître des cérémonies master/mistress of ceremonies, MC; maître chanteur Mus meistersinger; maître de chapelle kapellmeister; maître de chœur choirmaster/choirmistress; maître de conférences Univ ≈ senior lecturer GB, associate professor US; poste de maître de conférences ≈ senior lectureship GB, associate professorship US; maître d'école† schoolmaster†; maître d'équipage Chasse master of foxhounds, MFH; Naut boatswain; maître des forges ironmaster; maître d'hôtel maître d'hôtel GB, maître d' US; maître d'internat ≈ housemaster; maître de manège riding instructor; maître de musique† music master†/mistress†; maître d'œuvre Constr project manager; maître d'ouvrage ( privé) employer; ( public) contracting authority; maître à penser mentor; maître de recherches senior researcher; maîtresse d'école Scol schoolmistress†; maîtresse d'internat Scol ≈ housemistress; maîtresse de maison lady of the house.

Idiomes

trouver son maître to meet one's match; nul ne peut servir deux maîtres a man cannot serve two masters.

( féminin maîtresse) [mɛtr, mɛtrɛs] adjectif

1. (après le nom) [essentiel] central, main, major

l'idée maîtresse du texte the main theme ou central idea in the text

sa qualité maîtresse est le sang-froid a cool head is his outstanding ou chief quality

[le plus important] main

branche maîtresse main branch

poutre maîtresse main (supporting) beam

(avant le nom)

le maître mot the key word

maîtresse femme powerful woman

2. [dans des noms de métiers]

maître boulanger/forgeron master baker/blacksmith

maître compagnon ≃ master craftsman

maître coq ou queux chef

————————

, maîtresse [mɛtr, mɛtrɛs] nom masculin, nom féminin

1. [personne qui contrôle] master ( feminine mistress)

ce chien n'obéit qu'à sa maîtresse this dog only obeys his mistress

ils sont maintenant installés ou ils agissent en maîtres dans le pays they are now ruling the country, they have taken command of the country

il faut rester maître de soi you must keep your self-control

il est maître de lui he has a lot of self-control

être maître d'une situation/de son véhicule to be in control of a situation/of one's vehicle

les maîtres du monde the world's rulers

se rendre maître de

a. [d'un pays] to take ou seize control of

b. [d'une personne] to bring under control

c. [d'un incendie] to get under control

à la maison, c'est lui le maître he's (the) boss at home

être son (propre) maître to be one's own master ou boss

il est son propre maître he's his own man

elle est son propre maître she's her own woman

être ou rester maître de faire quelque chose to be free to do something

le maître de céans the master of the house

maître de maison host

maîtresse de maison lady of the house (soutenu & humoristique), hostess

les bons maîtres font les bons valets (proverbe) a good master makes a good servant

tel maître tel valet (proverbe) like master, like man (proverbe)

2. [professeur]

maître (d'école), maîtresse (d'école) teacher, schoolteacher

elle fait très maîtresse d'école she's very schoolmarmish

Maîtresse, j'ai trouvé! Miss (UK) ou teacher (US), I know the answer!

maître/maîtresse de ballet ballet master/mistress (UK), ballet teacher

maître de musique music teacher

————————

nom masculin

1. [dans des noms de fonctions]

grand maître (de l'ordre) grand master

maître d'armes fencing master

maître auxiliaire supply (UK) ou substitute (US) teacher

maître de chapelle choirmaster

maître de conférences ≃ (senior) lecturer (UK), ≃ assistant professor (US)

maître d'ouvrage

a. [particulier] client (of an architect)

b. [organisme public] contracting authority

maître de recherches research director

maître de cérémonie ou des cérémonies master of ceremonies

2. [expert] master

elle est passée maître dans l'art de tromper son monde she is a past master in the art of misleading people

3. ART & LITTÉRATURE & PHILOSOPHIE master

maître à penser mentor, guru, intellectual model

4. RELIGION

le maître de l'Univers ou du monde the Master of the Universe

se croire le maître du monde (figuré) to feel invincible

5. CARTES

être maître à carreau to hold the master ou top diamond

6. [titre]

Maître Suzanne Thieu Mrs. (ou Miss) Suzanne Thieu

Maître Dulles, avocat à la cour ≃ Mr. Dulles QC (UK) ou member of the Bar (US)

cher Maître, à vous! [à un musicien] Maestro, please!

————————

maîtresse nom féminin

[d'un homme] mistress

devenir la maîtresse de quelqu'un to become somebody's mistress

————————

de maître locution adjectivale

1. [qui appartient à un riche particulier]

chauffeur de maître (personal) chauffeur

voiture de maître expensive car

2. [exécuté par un grand artiste]

un tableau ou une toile de maître an old master

un coup de maître (figuré) a masterstroke

pour un coup d'essai, c'est un coup de maître for a first attempt, it was brilliant

maître chanteur nom masculin

1. [qui menace] blackmailer

2. MUSIQUE Meistersinger, mastersinger

maître d'hôtel nom masculin

[dans un restaurant] maître (d'hôtel), headwaiter

[chez un particulier] butler

maître d'hôtel locution adjectivale

beurre maître d'hôtel CUISINE parsley butter, maître d'hôtel butter

maître d'œuvre nom masculin

1. CONSTRUCTION main contractor

2. (figuré)

le Premier ministre est le maître d'œuvre de l'accord signé hier the Prime Minister was the architect of the agreement that was signed yesterday

Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > maître
9 true

1. [tru:] n (the true)
истина, правда; реальность, действительное положение дел

♢ in true - правильно установленный /настроенный/; точный

out of true - плохо установленный; неточный; невертикальный, неотвесный

to get /to run/ out of true - децентрироваться ( о колесе)

to put smth. out of true - децентрировать что-л.
2. [tru:] a
1. 1) верный, правильный

true story - правдивая история

to hold true for smth. - быть верным в отношении чего-л., распространяться на что-л.

this also holds true for the film - то же самое можно сказать и о фильме

to prove true - подтвердиться

the rumour proved only too true - слух, к сожалению, полностью подтвердился

to consider things in their true light - видеть вещи в истинном свете

the novel is based on a true story - в основу романа положена подлинная история, роман имеет документальную основу

fiction is truer than history - художественная литература ближе к истине, чем исторические сочинения

is the news true? - это сообщение верно?

it is only too true - это чистейшая правда

is it true that you are going away? - (это) правда, что вы уезжаете?

is it true /can it be true/ that he refused? - неужели /неужто/ он отказался?

it is true (that)... - надо признать, (что)...

it is true I saw him only once - правда, я видел его только один раз

that's true!, true enough! - верно!, вы правы!

2) в функции вводного слова правда

true, the book is peppered with rhetorical questions - правда, книга приправлена большим количеством риторических вопросов

3) надёжный, верный; не обманывающий ожиданий

a true sign of rain - верный предвестник /признак/ дождя

2. преданный; верный; не отступающий

true friend - верный друг

true to one's principles [to one's word] - верный своим принципам [своему слову]

true to one's friends - преданный своим друзьям

true to oneself - верный себе

true to the spirit of her age - верная духу своего века

3. 1) настоящий, подлинный, истинный

true love - истинная любовь; любовь в полном смысле слова

true rhyme - полная рифма

true repentance - искреннее раскаяние

true grief - искреннее /непритворное/ горе

true blue - настоящий синий цвет [ср. тж. true blue]

true diamond - настоящий алмаз

true scholar - истинный учёный

true son of his race - истинный сын своего народа

the true dimension of the refugee problem - истинные масштабы проблемы беженцев

to find one's true vocation - найти своё истинное призвание

2) спец. истинный

the true time - астр. истинное время

true altitude - астр. истинная высота

true azimuth - астр., воен. истинный азимут

true rib - анат. истинное ребро

3) реальный, действительный; практически достижимый или существующий

true power /watt/ - реальная мощность

true market value - эк. действительная рыночная стоимость

4) истинный, заслуживающий данного названия

true reptiles are lizards and not frogs - рептилиями в собственном смысле слова являются ящерицы, а не лягушки

5) настоящий, связанный по крови, родной

a true son and an adopted one - родной и приёмный сыновья

4. 1) правильный, точный

true copy [reproduction] - точная копия [-ое воспроизведение]

true pair of scales - точные весы

true to life - реалистический, жизненно правдивый; точно воспроизведённый

2) соответствующий, подходящий

true pair - совместимая (физиологически или психологически) пара

to run true to type - соответствовать типу

5. законный, действительный

true heir - законный наследник

6. тех. точно пригнанный

to make smth. true - выправить что-л.; отрихтовать что-л.

the blocks of granite were so true that practically no mortar was used - глыбы гранита были так точно /плотно/ пригнаны друг к другу, что строительный раствор почти не использовался

7. честный, добродетельный

♢ to come true - сбываться (о мечтах, предсказаниях)

true as I stand here - сущая правда

as true as steel - преданный и верный, преданный душой и телом
3. [tru:] adv
1. правдиво, честно

his words ring true - его слова звучат правдиво

2. точно; в соответствии с нормой

to aim true - целиться точно

to run true - вращаться без перекосов, без восьмёрки ( о колесе)

to breed true - сохранять чистоту породы
4. [tru:] v тех.
выверять; править; пригонять; регулировать (тж. true up)

НБАРС > true
10 scratch

skrætʃ I сущ. сл. сатана( с определенным артиклем с заглавной буквы, чаще Old scratch) II
1. сущ.
1) а) царапина;
перен. небольшая драка get off with a scratch б) почесывание, расчесывание в) царапанье, скрип (особенно о звуке паузе при проигрывании грампластинки) ;
чирканье, свирестение г) удар, влекущий за собой штраф( в бильярде) ;
перен. счастливая случайность
2) а) росчерк, черточка, черта;
пометка;
каракули б) спорт стартовая черта come up to the scratch start from scratch в) метка, насечка
3) а) спорт участник состязания, не получающий преимущества (тж. scratch man) б) лошадь, снятая со скачек
4) а) мн. ветер. мокрец (вид воспаления покрытой волосам области ступни у лошадей) б) = scratch-wig
5) сл. деньги (обычно бумажные) ∙ up to scratch
2. прил.
1) черновой, набросочный scratch paper
2) сборный, перемешанный, разношерстный scratch crew scratch dinner scratch pack scratch team
3) собранный, подобранный без должной подготовки, наспех, случайный Syn: accidental, casual, promiscuous
3. гл.
1) а) царапать(ся), скрести(сь), оцарапать, расцарапать scratch the surface of smth. scratch smth. and find smth. б) чесать(ся), расчесывать If you keep scratching away at that spot, you'll break the skin. ≈ Если Вы будете продолжать расчесывать это пятно, вы раздерете кожу. to scratch one's head ≈ почесать затылок тж. перен. в) рыть когтями, рыться (в земле) The farmyard was quiet, with just a few chickens scratching about for food. ≈ На скотном дворе было тихо, только несколько цыплят ковырялись в земле в поисках еды. г) наносить удар, влекущий за собой штраф ( в биллиарде)
2) а) чиркать, черкать;
нацарапать, набрасывать (письмо, рисунок) б) скрипеть( о пере) в) вычеркивать( из списка участников, кандидатов, тж. scratch off, scratch out, scratch through) ;
отказываться( от чего-л.) ;
бросать Two of the best runners have scratched from the race. ≈ Два лучших бегуна отказались от участия в забеге.
3) а) зарабатывать, делать деньги б) с трудом наскребать, выкапывать (что бы то ни было)
4) быстро убегать, покидать
5) сл. быть фальшивомонетчиком, изготавливать фальшивые документы Syn: forge ∙ scratch along scratch out scratch together scratch up scratch my back and I will scratch yours ≈ услуга за услугу царапина - a * on the face царапина на лице - her hands were covered with *es ее руки были все исцарапаны - it's only a * это просто царапина /мелкий укол/ - without a * без малейшего вреда /ущерба/ (для себя) - to go through the war without a * пройти всю войну, не получив ни одной царапины - to get off with a * or two отделаться пустяками, легко отделаться (техническое) черта;
метка (тк. в ед. ч.) царапанье - a dog enjoys a good * собаки любят почесаться скрип, чирканье - the * of pen on the paper скрип пера по бумаге каракуля, закорючка - he writes a miserable * у него отвратительный почерк - a * of the pen подпись( особ. неразборчивая) ;
росчерк пера - the business could be settled by the * of a pen это дело можно было уладить одним росчерком пера (тк. в ед. ч.) (спортивное) линия старта, старт (тж. * mark) (спортивное) участник соревнования, не получающий преимущества при старте (тж. * man) накладка из волос, маленький парик, прикрывающий часть головы (сленг) временное название кинофильма (американизм) (сленг) фальшивый чек;
фальшивомонетчик (американизм) (сленг) деньги, средства > up to * на должной высоте, в хорошем состоянии /виде/;
в полной готовности > to bring smb. (up) to the * (спортивное) вызвать кого-л. на старт;
заставить кого-л. решиться на борьбу;
подготовить кого-л. к сдаче экзаменов > to come up to *, to come to the * (спортивное) подойти к стартовой линии /к линии старта/;
решиться (на что-л.) ;
быть готовым к борьбе;
быть готовым выполнить свой долг /свои обязанности/ > when it comes to the * когда наступает решительный момент > brave till it comes to the * храбрый, пока не дошло до дела, храбрый на словах > to start from * (спортивное) не иметь преимущества;
начинать на голом /на пустом/ месте;
не иметь никакой помощи или преимуществ (разговорное) случайно или наспех собранный вместе - * collection коллекция случайных вещей - * dinner обед, приготовленный на скорую руку;
импровизированный обед - * division случайное /неожиданное/ голосование - * feed (сельскохозяйственное) сборный корм - * race (спортивное) забег с общим стартом наспех записанный, набросанный, нарисованный - * paper черновик( компьютерное) рабочий, временный - * file рабочий файл случайный, неумышленный - a * shot случайный выстрел царапать, оцарапать, расцарапать - to * the paint поцарапать краску /окрашенную поверхность/ - to * one's hand with a pin оцарапать руку булавкой - to * oneself with smth. оцарапаться обо что-л. - to * smb.'s eyes out выцарапать кому-л. глаза - to * off a pimple содрать прыщик царапаться - cats * кошки царапаются рыхлить (землю) - to * the ground with a rake рыхлить землю граблями - to * the surface копать неглубоко;
поверхностно излагать, изучать и т. п.;
скользить по поверхности - to * the surface of a subject поверхностно осветить вопрос - the inquiry hass only *ed the surface of the problem при исследовании проблема была затронута лишь в самых общих чертах скрипеть - this pen *es badly перо сильно скрипит чиркать - to * a match чиркать спичкой чесать, расчесывать - to * a dog's neck почесать собаку за ухом - to * mosquito bites расчесывать укусы комаров - to * the skin чесать /расчесывать/ кожу чесаться - itching makes one want to * зуд вызывает желание почесаться - don't * (yourself) ! не чешись! нацарапать, выцарапать;
выгравировать - to * a drawing on the wall нацарапать рисунок на стене - to * one's initials on the window-pane with a diamond вырезать свои иницциалы алмазом на оконном стекле наспех или небрежно написать, нацарапать - to * a few lines of a letter чернуть несколько строк /слов/ скрестись - the dog *ed at the door собака скреблась в дверь рыть когтями рыться (в земле) - the chickens were *ing for worms куры рылись в земле в поисках червей - there is no sense in *ing about this rock with a pick: you'll have to use explosive нет смысла ковырять эту скалу киркой - придется применить взрывчатку выскребать, вырывать - to * a hole in the ground выскрести /вырыть/ яму в земле (часто * out, * off) вычеркивать, перечеркивать - to * an item from an account вычернуть какой-л. пункт из счета - to * smb. off (from) a list вычернуть кого-л. из списка - to * smb.'s name out зачернуть чью-л. фамилию (спортивное) снимать с участия в состязании - to * a horse снять лошадь с состязаний (разговорное) идти на попятный;
отказываться (от чего-л.) - to * an engagement отменить встречу - to * the race отменить гонки - I hope you're not going to * at the last moment надеюсь, что вы не пойдете на попятный в последний момент подчистить( ножом, бритвой) - to * out a word подчистить слово( американизм) (политика) (сленг) голосовать против кого-л. из кандидатов в списке, выдввинутом своей партией (американизм) (политика) (сленг) голосовать против отдельного предложения своей партии (американизм) (сленг) подделывать чек > * it! (сленг) улепетывай!, смывайся! > to * for oneself самому справиться с трудностями > to * one's head over ломать голову (над чем-л.) > * my back and I will * yours (пословица) услуга за услугу > to * one's way пробиться, преуспеть to come (up) to the ~ подойти к стартовой черте to come (up) to the ~ решиться (на что-л.) ;
быть готовым к борьбе;
быть в форме ~ царапина;
to get off with a scratch отделаться царапиной;
легко отделаться scratch = scratch-wig;
up to scratch на должной высоте;
в хорошем виде ~ временный ~ вычеркивать (из списка участников, кандидатов, тж. scratch off, scratch out, scratch through) ~ используемый для черновиков, набросков;
scratch paper бумага для заметок ~ pl вет. мокрец (у лошади) ~ насечка, метка ~ нацарапать (письмо, рисунок) ~ отказываться (от чего-л.) ;
бросать;
scratch along перебиваться;
с трудом сводить концы с концами ~ почесывание, расчесывание ~ рабочий ~ разношерстный, сборный;
собранный наспех;
scratch crew (или team, pack) разг. случайно или наспех подобранная спортивная команда ~ росчерк;
пометка;
каракули;
a scratch of the pen росчерк пера ~ рыть когтями ~ скрип;
царапанье;
чирканье ~ скрипеть (о пере) ~ случайный ~ спорт. стартовая черта ~ спорт. участник состязания, не получающий преимущества (тж. scratch man) ~ царапать(ся), скрести(сь) ;
расцарапать, оцарапать ~ царапина;
to get off with a scratch отделаться царапиной;
легко отделаться ~ чесать(ся) ;
to scratch one's head почесать затылок (тж. перен.) ~ чиркать ~ штрафное касание( в бильярде) ;
перен. счастливая случайность Scratch: Scratch: Old ~ дьявол scratch: scratch: to start from ~ начать все с (самого) начала ~ отказываться (от чего-л.) ;
бросать;
scratch along перебиваться;
с трудом сводить концы с концами ~ разношерстный, сборный;
собранный наспех;
scratch crew (или team, pack) разг. случайно или наспех подобранная спортивная команда ~ dinner обед, приготовленный на скорую руку, импровизированный обед ~ my back and I will ~ yours = услуга за услугу ~ росчерк;
пометка;
каракули;
a scratch of the pen росчерк пера ~ чесать(ся) ;
to scratch one's head почесать затылок (тж. перен.) ~ out вычеркивать;
scratch together, scratch up наскрести, накопить ~ используемый для черновиков, набросков;
scratch paper бумага для заметок to ~ the surface (of smth.) не проникать глубже поверхности (чего-л.) to ~ the surface (of smth.) относиться поверхностно (к чему-л.) ~ out вычеркивать;
scratch together, scratch up наскрести, накопить ~ out вычеркивать;
scratch together, scratch up наскрести, накопить scratch = scratch-wig;
up to scratch на должной высоте;
в хорошем виде scratch-wig: scratch-wig накладка из волос scratch: to start from ~ начать все с (самого) начала start from ~ начинать с нуля to start from ~ спорт. не иметь преимущества scratch = scratch-wig;
up to scratch на должной высоте;
в хорошем виде

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > scratch
11 true

tru:
1. прил.
1) правильный;
истинный, настоящий
2) верный, преданный (to) a true friend ≈ преданный друг
3) искренний, правдивый
4) точный, правдивый, реалистичный (to) Syn: accurate
5) действительный, законный ∙ true as I stand here разг. ≈ сущая правда
2. гл.;
тех. править, пригонять, выверять, регулировать (тж. true up) true up
3. нареч.
1) правдиво
2) точно (the *) истина, правда;
реальность, действительное положение дел > in * правильно установленный /настроенный/;
точный > out of * плохо установленный;
неточный;
невертикальный, неотвесный > to get /to run/ out of * децентрироваться (о колесе) > to put smth. out of * децентрировать что-л. верный, правильный - * story правдивая история - to hold * for smth. быть верным в отношении чего-л., распространяться на что-л. - this also holds * for the film то же самое можно сказать и о фильме - to prove * подтвердиться - the rumour proved only too * слух, к сожалению, полностью подтвердился - to consider things in their * light видеть вещи в истинном свете - the novel is based on a * story в основу романа положена подлинная история, роман имеет документальную основу - fiction is *r than history художественная литература ближе к истине, чем исторические сочинения - is the news *? это сообщение верно? - it is only too * это чистейшая правда - is it * that you are going away? (это) правда, что вы уезжаете? - is it * /can it be */ that he refused? неужели /неужто/ он отказался? - it is * (that)... надо признать, (что)... - it is * I saw him only once правда, я видел его только один раз - that's *!, * enough! верно, вы правы! в функции вводного слова: правда - *, the book is peppered with rhetorical questions правда, книга приправлена большим количеством риторических вопросов надежный, верный;
не обманывающий ожиданий - a * sign of rain верный предвестник /признак/ дождя преданный;
верный;
не отступающий - * friend верный друг - * to one's principles верный своим принципам - * to one's friends преданный своим друзьям - * to oneself верный себе - * to the spirit of her age верная духу своего века настоящий, подлинный, истинный - * love истинная любовь;
любовь в полном смысле слова - * rhyme полная рифма - * repentance искреннее раскаяние - * grief искреннее /непритворное/ горе - * blue настоящий синий цвет - * diamond настоящий алмаз - * scholar истинный ученый - * son of his race истинный сын своего народа - the * dimension of the refugee problem истинные масштабы проблемы беженцев - to find one's * vocation найти свое истинное призвание( специальное) истинный - the * time (астрономия) истинное время - * altitude( астрономия) истинная высота - * azimuth( астрономия) (военное) истинный азимут - * rib (анатомия) истинное ребро реальный, действительный;
практически достижимый или существующий - * power /watt/ реальная мощность - * market value (экономика) действительная рыночная стоимость истинный, заслуживающий данного названия - * reptiles are lizards and not frogs рептилиями в собственном смысле слова являются ящерицы, а не лягушки настоящий, связанный по крови, родной - a * son and an adopted one родной и приемный сыновья правильный, точный - * copy точная копия - * pair of scales точные весы - * to life реалистический, жизненно правдивый;
точно воспроизведенный соответствующий, подходящий - * pair совместимая (физиологически или психологически) пара - to run * to type соответствовать типу законный, действительный - * heir законный наследник( техническое) точно пригнанный - to make smth. * выправить что-л.;
отрихтовать что-л. - the blocks of granite were so * that practically no mortar was used глыбы гранита были так точно /плотно/ пригнаны друг к другу, что стрительный раствор почти не использовался честный, добродетельный > to come * сбываться( о мечтах, предсказаниях) > * as I stand here сущая правда > as * as steel преданный и верный, преданный душой и телом правдиво, честно - his words ring * его слова звучат правдиво точно;
в соответствии с нормой - to aim * целиться точно - to run * вращаться без перекосов, без восьмерки (о колесе) - to breed * сохранять чистоту породы (техническое) выверять;
править;
пригонять;
регулировать (тж. * up) ~ точно;
to aim true целиться точно;
to breed true сохранить чистоту породы ~ правдиво;
tell me true скажи мне честно;
his words ring true его слова звучат правдиво ~ верный, правильный;
true time среднее солнечное время;
it is not true это неправда ~ правдиво;
tell me true скажи мне честно;
his words ring true его слова звучат правдиво true верный, преданный (to) ;
a true friend преданный друг ~ верный, правильный;
true time среднее солнечное время;
it is not true это неправда ~ верный, правильный ~ верный ~ действительный ~ законный, действительный;
true copy заверенная копия;
true as I stand here разг. сущая правда ~ законный ~ искренний, честный, правдивый ~ искренний ~ истинный, настоящий, подлинный ~ настоящий ~ подлинный ~ правдиво;
tell me true скажи мне честно;
his words ring true его слова звучат правдиво ~ правдивый, искренний, непритворный ~ правильный ~ тех. править, пригонять, выверять, регулировать (тж. true up) ~ преданный, верный ~ преданный ~ точно;
to aim true целиться точно;
to breed true сохранить чистоту породы ~ точный (об изображении, копии и т. п.;
to) ;
true to life реалистический, жизненно правдивый;
точно воспроизведенный ~ честный ~ законный, действительный;
true copy заверенная копия;
true as I stand here разг. сущая правда ~ законный, действительный;
true copy заверенная копия;
true as I stand here разг. сущая правда true верный, преданный (to) ;
a true friend преданный друг ~ верный, правильный;
true time среднее солнечное время;
it is not true это неправда ~ точный (об изображении, копии и т. п.;
to) ;
true to life реалистический, жизненно правдивый;
точно воспроизведенный

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > true
12 system

1) система

2) установка; устройство

•

to get the system on-stream — вводить систему в действие

- 2D CAD system
- 2D design system
- 2-D draughting system
- 2D milling CAM system
- 3 nonsimultaneous axes control system
- 3D CAD system
- 3D design system
- 3D milling CAM system
- 3-D surface-modeling system
- 3-D system
- abrasive waterjet cutting system
- absolute control system
- absolute dimension measuring system
- accident-protection system
- accountancy system
- accounting data system
- ACO system
- acoustic feedback control system
- acquisition system
- active enclosure system
- adaptable system
- adaptive CNC system
- adaptive control constraint system
- adaptive control system
- adaptive pulsing system
- adaptive robot system
- add-on NC programming system
- administrative information data system
- administrative information system
- ADR system
- advanced command data system
- advanced data analysis system
- advanced data display system
- advanced display system
- advanced integrated data system
- advanced interactive debugging system
- advanced management information system
- advisory system
- AGV system
- air flotation system
- air-bearing system
- air-cooling system
- air-delivery system
- air-gaging system
- airlock system
- air-oil mist lubrication system
- air-plasma arc-profiling system
- air-purge system
- alarm system
- all-enveloping guard system
- analog computing system
- analog recording system
- angstrom-positioning system
- antideflection system
- antilock brake system
- antisag system
- application-specific system
- APT generating expert system
- Archimedes system
- array system
- AS/RS system
- assembly management system
- assembly system
- attitude display system
- autolube system
- automated communications and messages processing system
- automated design and optimization of control system
- automated design system
- automated digital design system
- automated industrial management system
- automated information data system
- automated information dissemination system
- automated information retrieval system
- automated inventory distribution system
- automated machining system
- automated management information system
- automated management system
- automated measuring system
- automated parts input-output system
- automated reliability and maintenance management system
- automated storage control system
- automatic alignment-and-centering system
- automatic call distribution system
- automatic CAM system
- automatic chuck-changing system
- automatic data acquisition system
- automatic data distribution system
- automatic data system
- automatic diagnostic-and-recovery system
- automatic display plotting system
- automatic distributive numerical control system
- automatic fixturing system
- automatic gaging-and-compensating system
- automatic measurement-and-compensation system
- automatic message accounting system
- automatic message distribution system
- automatic pallet storage/retrieval system
- automatic program transfer system
- automatic record evaluation system
- automatic telemetry system
- automatic test analysis system
- automatic test system
- automatic testing, evaluating and reporting system
- automatic tool cassette changer system
- automatic tool retraction system
- automatic tool retraction/correction/reentry system
- automatic tool wear/tool broken sensing system
- automatically taught system
- automation system
- autonomous system
- autopatch system
- AWS system
- axis drive system
- axis motor system
- axis-stopping system
- backlash-free friction system
- back-to-back system
- balance system
- balanced system of forces
- balanced system
- bar feed system
- bar pulling system
- bar pusher system
- barring coding system
- base coordinate system
- base data system
- base file system
- base operating information system
- basic disk operating system
- basic hole system
- basic input/output system
- basic NC system
- basic programming system
- basic shaft system
- batching system
- batch-machining system
- battery system
- BCC management information system
- beam delivery system
- belt turnover system
- belt twist system
- binary system
- binary vision system
- biped robotic system
- block-tool system
- block-type tool change system
- bonded stores system
- boring system
- bought-in control system
- brake system
- branch information system
- breakaway system
- breathing system
- broad system of ordering
- BTA deep-hole-drilling system
- BTA-style deep-hole-drilling system
- bug-free system
- building block system
- bulk system
- business information system
- buy-and-plug-in system
- C/C system
- cable and hose carrying system
- CAD access system
- CAD system
- CAD/CAM system
- CAD/CAM/CAE and product data management system
- CAD/CAM/CAE system
- CAD/CAPP/CAM system
- CADAR system
- CAD-integrating system
- CAD-only system
- CAE system
- CAE/CAD/CAM system
- CAG system
- CAM system
- cam-and-lever system
- capacitance-based measuring system
- CAPP system
- capture system
- carrierband system
- cart/pallet transfer system
- Cartesian coordinate system
- cassette jaw-change system
- cell control system
- cell management system
- cell-type system
- cellular manufacturing system
- central analog data distributing and controlling system
- central automatic message accounting system
- central storage system
- centralized control system
- centralized coolant and extractor system
- centralized swarf conveying system
- centralized swarf removal system
- chain conveyor system
- check system
- checking system
- checkout system
- chiller system
- chip conveyor system
- chip guard system
- chip-evacuation system
- chuck/chuck jaw changing system
- chucking system
- chuck-jaw system
- chuck-loading system
- CIM system
- circular monitoring system
- circular part-processing system
- circulating lubrication system
- circulating oil system
- circulation system
- clamping system
- closed cooling system
- closed loop control system
- closed loop machine control system
- closed loop size control system
- closed loop system
- closed-proprietary system
- CM system
- CNC hardware system
- CNC machine tool system
- CNC programming system
- CNC system
- CNC transfer system
- CNC-ACC system
- CNC-control system
- coherent system of units
- collecting system
- collet pad top jaw system
- combined cooling system
- combined production system
- command-line NC system
- commercial vision system
- communication system
- companion system
- comprehensive power measurement system
- computer analysis and design system
- computer automation real-time operating system
- computer data communication system
- computer NC system
- computer system
- computer vision system
- computer-aided design support system
- computer-aided dispatch system
- computer-aided gaging system
- computer-aided programming system
- computer-aided telemetry system
- computer-aided test system
- computer-assisted command system
- computer-assisted message processing system
- computer-assisted microfilm retrieval system
- computer-assisted operation sequence planning system
- computer-automated machine-tool system
- computer-automated test system
- computer-based management system
- computer-based message system
- computer-controlled materials-handling system
- computer-controlled system
- computer-coordinated measuring system
- computer-directed swing-arm tool-changing system
- computer-driven control system
- computer-hosted manufacturing system
- computer-integrated manufacturing system
- computer-integrated system
- computerized information retrieval system
- computerized machine control system
- computerized manufacturing system
- computerized numerical control system
- computerized production control system
- computerized shopfloor data collection system
- computer-oriented production management system
- computer-oriented system
- computing system
- concurrent force system
- conductor system
- conservative system
- constant delivery system
- constant volume system
- constant-contact scanning system
- constraint satisfaction system
- continuous feedback control system
- continuous flow system
- continuous-path CNC system
- continuous-path control system
- contouring control system
- contouring system
- controlled path system
- controlling system
- conventional ACC system
- conversational analysis and drafting system
- conveying system
- conveyor system
- conveyoring system
- conveyorized work-handling system
- coolant clarification system
- coolant laundering system
- coolant mist system
- coolant recirculating system
- coolant recovery system
- coolant recycling system
- coolant supply system
- coolant-circulating system
- coolant-thru-body system
- cooling system
- coordinate drive system
- coordinate system
- coprocessor board system
- copymill control system
- corporate information and office system
- coupling system
- CPS system
- CRT control system
- CRT system
- customer-oriented system
- customized FMS control system
- cut-piece transfer system
- cycloidal tooth system
- data base management system
- data communication system
- data control system
- data input management system
- data management system
- data origination system
- data processing system
- data retrieval system
- data transfer system
- datum system for geometrical tolerancing
- datum system
- DDM system
- decentralized DNC system
- decision enabling system
- decision support system
- dedicated production system
- deep-hole-drilling system
- defect-free machining system
- delivery system
- demand pull flexible system
- demand push flexible system
- departmental management system
- descaling system
- design coordinate system
- design support system
- design-automation system
- design-for-manufacturing system
- design-with-feature system
- desk-top publishing system
- deterministic system
- dexel-based system
- diagnostic communication control system
- diagnostic computer control system
- dialog system
- diamond-lapping system
- digital readout system
- digitizing system
- digitizing/data capture system
- dimensional verification system
- direct impingement starting system
- direct lubrication system
- direct NC system
- discrete-continuous system
- dispatcher system
- distributed computer system
- distributed mass-spring system
- distributed microprocessor system
- distributed processing system
- distributed quality system
- distributed system
- distributive numerical control system
- DNC flexible machining system
- DNC machine control system
- DNC machine tool control system
- DNC system
- DNC/FM system
- document processing system
- document retrieval system
- document search system
- domain-expert system
- Doppler system
- DOS CAM system
- double tube system
- dowel pin system
- DRO system
- drop-feed-lubrication system
- DTP system
- dual laser optical system
- dual laser referencing system
- dual system
- dual-beam LDDM system
- dual-pallet shuttle system
- dual-shaft electric propulsion system
- dynamic beam focusing laser system
- dynamic data system
- dynamic mapping system
- early warning system
- eddy current damper system
- edge-sensing system
- edge-type positioning system
- eight-station pallet system
- electrical contact tracing system
- electrofluidic control system
- emergency protection system
- enclosure system
- encoder checking system
- endpoint locating system
- energy-adaptive system
- energy-saving drive system
- engine starting system
- entry-level NC system
- environmental control system
- equivalent rigid link system
- equivalent systems of forces
- ESD system
- estimating system
- example-driven system
- expert control system
- expert process planning system
- expert system
- external box system
- extractor system
- fact retrieval system
- factory automation system
- fault detection system
- fault-signal system
- FBG system
- feasibility routing system
- feature-based CAM system
- feature-based system
- feed system
- feedback control system
- feedback gaging system
- feedback position control system
- feedback system
- feed-drive system
- feedforward compensatory control system
- feed-only AC system
- feed-overriding system
- FFS system
- file control system
- finite capacity scheduling system
- fixed coordinate system
- fixed-feature NC system
- fixed-rail system
- fixture design system
- fixture system
- fixturing system
- flanged pipe system
- flexible assembly system
- flexible automated manufacturing system
- flexible automation system
- flexible computer-controlled robotic system
- flexible fabricating system
- flexible fixturing system
- flexible handling system
- flexible laser optical system
- flexible laser system
- flexible lathe system
- flexible machine system
- flexible machining center system
- flexible machining system
- flexible manufacturing system
- flexible NC system
- flexible press system
- flexible tooling system
- flexible transfer system
- flexible turning system
- flood coolant system
- flow-line production system
- flow-type manufacturing system
- fluid management system
- fluid power system
- flush-type cooling system
- fly system
- FMS operating system
- FMS/CAD/CAM system
- FMS-type production system
- force measurement system
- force sensory system
- force system
- force-sensing system
- forecasting system
- four-station pallet system
- four-tier quality system
- FROG navigation system
- FROG system
- full-blown system
- fully specified system
- gage system
- gaging computer system
- gaging-and-compensating system
- gantry loading system
- gantry-based turning system
- gantry-style motion system
- gas-turbine starting system
- gating system
- gear roller system
- gear system
- gear testing system
- general information retrieval system
- generative planning system
- generic control system
- generic messaging system
- generic system
- glass fiber system
- glazing system
- goal-seeking system
- graphic numerical control system
- graphic processing system
- graphics system
- graphics-oriented system
- grating measuring system
- gravity oil system
- gray scale imaging system
- grinder vision system
- group control system
- guarding system
- guidance system
- guiding system
- handling system
- handwriting-input system
- hard-automated system
- hardware NC system
- hardware support system
- head change system
- head changer system
- head-changing flexible manufacturing system
- help system
- hierarchical coding system
- hierarchical control system
- hierarchical information control system
- high-noise-immunity system
- high-rise system
- high-speed positioning system
- high-speed-processor control system
- high-volume system
- Hirth gear-tooth system
- holding system
- holding tool system
- hole system
- holonomic system
- host computer-assisted programming system
- host distributive numerical control system
- hybrid computing system
- hydraulic oil system
- hydraulic system
- hydraulic-circuit system
- hypertext system
- ID system
- IDNC system
- illumination system
- image detection system
- image processing system
- imaging system
- IMC system
- immersion-washing system
- inconsistent system of equations
- incremental measuring system
- index system
- indirect lubrication system
- individual lubrication system
- inductive telemetry system
- inductively guided cart system
- industrial vision system
- in-feed system
- inference system
- in-floor chip-disposal system
- information infrastructure system
- information logical system
- information processing system
- information storage and retrieval system
- information system
- information-gathering system
- information-management system
- information-sharing system
- infrared imaging system
- infrared system
- in-house minicomputer system
- in-house system
- inlet control system
- in-process gaging system
- in-process sensing system
- in-process storage system
- insert-selection system
- instrumentation system
- insulating system
- integral movement monitoring system
- integrated CAD/CAPP/CAM system
- integrated CAM system
- integrated circuit numerical control system
- integrated computer system
- integrated information system
- integrated machine system
- integrated machining system
- integrated manufacturing and assembly system
- integrated manufacturing system
- integrated NC machine system
- integrated production system
- integrated sensor system
- intelligent control system
- interactive control system
- interactive graphics processing system
- interactive manufacturing control system
- interconnection system
- interdepartmental communication system
- interferometer measuring system
- interlocking system
- interrupt-driven system
- inventory-management system
- involute tooth system
- IR fault-signal system
- IR system
- ISO system of limits and tolerances
- isolated word recognition system
- jig boring measuring system
- job shop-type flexible system
- joint-actuation system
- just-in-time production system
- kanban pull system
- kinetic control system
- kitting system
- knowledge base management system
- knowledge system
- knowledge-based information system
- knowledge-based system
- krypton laser system
- labeling system
- labor-intensive system
- language-based NC system
- laser beam orientation system
- laser beam positioning system
- laser calibration system
- laser combination energy system
- laser digitizing system
- laser driving system
- laser full automated system
- laser inspection system
- laser interferometer measuring system
- laser machining system
- laser metalworking system
- laser micrometer system
- laser monitoring system
- laser mount system
- laser optical transformation system
- laser pulse power system
- laser pump system
- laser referencing system
- laser thread measurement system
- laser transducer system
- laser-cutting system
- laser-gaging system
- layered control system
- LDDM system
- lead screw drive system
- learning system
- library reference system
- library system
- light guide system
- light recognition system
- line motion control system
- line motion system
- line path system
- linear index system
- linear system of constant coefficients
- linear time invariant system
- linear time-varying system
- linear-encoder-equipped system
- LMFC system
- load/unload system
- loading robot system
- load-monitoring system
- local communications system
- logistics system
- look-up table system
- low-loss optical system
- low-volume lubricant delivery system
- lube system
- lubrication system with continuous delivery
- lubrication system with cyclic delivery
- lubrication system with performance control
- lubrication system without performance control
- lubrication system
- M system
- machine control system
- machine coordinate system
- machine health-monitoring system
- machine management system
- machine surveillance system
- machine tool capability-conditioning system
- machine tool system
- machine vision system
- machine/control system
- machine/tool/workpiece system
- machine-flexible system
- machine-zero reference system
- machining-cell system
- magnetic control system
- magnetic shaft suspension system
- main control system
- maintenance tracking system
- make-up system
- management control system
- management information system
- management system
- management-and-manufacturing system
- managerial reporting system
- man-computer system
- man-machine system
- man-plus-machine system
- manual data input system
- manual programming system
- manufacturing execution system
- manufacturing optimization system
- manufacturing software system
- manufacturing system
- many-degrees-of-freedom system
- many-variable system
- mass-elastic system
- master manufacturing control system
- master-slave control system
- material flow system
- material movement system
- material storage system
- materials-handling control system
- materials-handling system
- matrix array system
- matrix-type system
- MDI contouring control system
- MDI control system
- MDI NC system
- mean line system
- measurement/inspection system
- measuring coordinate system
- measuring system
- measuring/compensation system
- mechanical interface coordinate system
- memory NC system
- memory system
- menu drive system
- menu system
- menu-driven programming system
- metalforming production system with robots
- metalworking laser system
- metamorphic system
- metareasoning system
- metering system
- metrology system
- MIC system
- micro CAD/CAM programming system
- microadjustment system
- microchip-managed control system
- microdispensing system
- microintegrated system
- microload system
- micropackaged distributed system
- microprocessor based system
- microprocessor CNC system
- microprocessor system
- microprocessor-development system
- microstep control system
- microwave drill detection system
- milling CAM system
- milling system
- minicomputer-based numerical control system
- minicomputer-based system
- minicomputer-based test system
- miniload automated storage and retrieval system
- miniload system
- minimal constraint system
- minimum phase shift system
- mist-cooling system
- mixed forging-machining system
- mobility system
- model reference adaptive system
- moderately sized manufacturing system
- modular clamping system
- modular component tooling system
- modular fixture system
- modular holding system
- modular system
- modular tooling system
- modular work holding system
- monitoring system
- monorail material handling system
- motor position sensing system
- mounting system
- MPM system
- MRC system
- MRP system
- MS-DOS system
- multiaxis laser system
- multimachine system
- multimedia system
- multinetwork system
- multipallet system
- multiple computer system
- multiple laser technology system
- multiple pallet changer system
- multiple pallet handling system
- multiple parts feeding system
- multiple sensory system
- multiple spindle head handling-and-changing system
- multiple system of indexing
- multiple-gun spraying system
- multipoint lubrication system
- multipoint network control system
- multiprocessing system
- multiprocessor NC system
- multiprocessor system
- multiproduct manufacturing system
- multiprofile tool system
- multiprogramming system
- multirobot system
- multisensor system
- multiserver queueing system
- multistage system
- multitasking control system
- multiterminal system
- multiuser system
- multivendor information system
- multiwindowing software system
- Nagare system
- narrowly defined expert system
- national information system
- navigation system
- NC contouring system
- NC machine system
- NC part-programming system
- NC system
- NC tooling system
- NC/TP system
- nesting system
- network computer system
- network switching system
- network system
- noise diagnostic system
- noncircular copy-turning system
- noncompensated system
- noncontact laser marking system
- noncontact microwave system
- nonexpert system
- non-NC system
- numerical computer control system
- numerical contour control system
- numerical control system
- numerically controlled tool point system
- object-oriented system
- office system
- office-based programming system
- off-line adviser-type expert system
- off-line programming system
- off-line system
- off-the-shelf system
- oil mist system
- oil scavenge system
- oil system
- oil wash system
- oil-recirculating system
- oligarchical manufacturing system
- OLP system
- one man/one machine system
- one man-one operation-one job system
- one-machine flexible system
- one-piece tape spar-measuring system
- one-shot lubrication system
- on-line information system
- on-line process system
- on-line retrieval system
- on-line system
- on-line tool control system
- on-machine gaging system
- on-machine probing system
- on-off control system
- open architecture system
- open cooling system
- open system
- open-front system
- open-loop control system
- operating system
- operational system
- operator guidance system
- operator-controlled NC system
- optical detection system
- optical laser ranging system
- optical MAP system
- optical measurement/inspection system
- optical recognition system
- optical system for laser processing
- optical tracer backup system
- optical transmission system
- opti-feed system
- optimal-position control system
- order-driven system
- order-entry system
- order-picking system
- oscillating system
- oscillatory system
- out-feed system
- output collecting system
- overall system
- p.-t.-p. NC system
- package confinement system
- paging system
- pallet conveyor system
- pallet gripper system
- pallet ID system
- pallet storage system
- pallet storage/changer system
- pallet/platen transfer system
- pallet/robot flexible-machining system
- pallet-based materials handling system
- pallet-based system
- pallet-changer system
- pallet-coding system
- pallet-handling system
- palletized tool magazine system
- pallet-loading system
- pallet-moving system
- pallet-shuttle change system
- pallet-transfer system
- pallet-transport system
- paperless NC system
- parallel force system
- parallel lubrication system
- parametric CNC system
- part flow system
- part handling-and-storage system
- part program-editing system
- part queue system
- part-conveying system
- partial laser system
- part-programming system
- part-retrieval system
- passively mode-locked laser system
- path control system of a machine
- path control system
- pattern recognition system
- pattern tracing system
- pattern-directed system
- PC system
- PC-based CAD system
- PC-based vision system
- pendant-mounted CNC system
- perceptual system
- permanent electro system
- personal computer-based robotic vision system
- phase switching control system
- photogrammetric vision system
- photooptic tracing system
- photooptical tracing system
- piece rate system
- plane system of forces
- planner-oriented system
- plant-integration system
- platen system
- platform-independent CAM system
- playback system
- plugboard control system
- plugboard programming system
- point-to-point system
- popular laser system
- position control system
- positioning control system
- postprocess inspection system
- postprocess system
- postprocess-feedback gaging system
- potentiometer-setting system
- power generating system
- power system
- powered clamping system
- powered track system
- powerful robot system
- precision positioning system
- predictive machinability system
- predictive maintenance system
- pre-emptive system
- pregaging system
- preload system
- preset tooling system
- presetting system
- prismatic flexible manufacturing system
- prismatic machining system
- probe communication system
- problem-oriented information system
- process planning system
- process-flexible system
- production control system
- production expert system
- production-monitoring system
- productions system
- product-testing system
- programmable automation system
- programmable control system
- programmable logic control system
- programmable power monitoring system
- programmed sequence control system
- programming system
- proof-of-concept system
- proprietary NC system
- propulsion system
- propulsive system
- protection system
- prototype system
- prototyping system
- pull system of production
- pull system
- punch tape NC system
- purpose-made materials feeding system
- push system
- qualitative system
- quality control system
- quality system
- quantity produced systems
- question-and-answer system
- question-answering system
- queuing system
- quick-change system
- quick-change workpiece-fixturing system
- quick-change-cutter system
- rack system
- rack-picking system
- rail-borne robotic handling system
- rail-guided transport system
- random mission system
- random mix system
- random order system
- ranging system
- readout system
- ready-to-go system
- real-time vision system
- recirculation system
- rectangular coordinate system
- rectangular triordinate system
- reeving system
- reference retrieval system
- reference system
- reflecting high-power beam optical system
- register system
- registration system
- relay ladder logic system
- reporting system
- reprographic system
- resolver system
- restraint system
- RETIC system
- retrieval system
- retrofit system
- return spring system
- RGV pallet delivery system
- rigid track workpiece transport system
- rigid transfer system
- robot control system
- robot gantry storage-and-retrieval system
- robot learning system
- robot parts-handling system
- robot system
- robot teaching system
- robot tool changing system
- robot-based turning system
- robotic system
- robotic vision system
- robotics CAD system
- robotized metalforming system
- robot-like inspection system
- robot-measuring system
- rod memory system
- roller system
- roll-generating system
- rotary transfer system
- rotary-type tool-mounting system
- rotational system
- routing-flexible system
- rule-based expert system
- running fail-safe system
- running system
- run-time system
- safety actuation system
- safety system
- scale back system
- seam tracking laser processing system
- seam-tracking system
- security system
- selective assembly system
- selective control system
- self-adapting system
- self-contained starting system
- self-contained system
- self-monitoring measuring system
- self-optimizing adaptive control system
- self-programming NC system
- self-teaching system
- self-test system
- sensing system
- sensor system
- sensor-based system
- sensory control system
- sensory feedback system
- sensory interactive system
- sensory-processing system
- sentence recognition system
- sequencing control system
- sequential control system
- series lubrication system
- service system
- servo control system
- servo drive system
- servo positioning system
- servo transducer system
- servo-controlled blade-feed-pressure system
- setting system
- SFP system
- shaft system
- shared tools system
- shopfloor communication message system
- shopfloor part-programming system
- shopfloor programming system
- shopfloor-programming control system
- short-closed oil system
- shuttle car system
- shuttle system
- shuttle-type container system
- side-loading pallet system
- sign system
- signature-analysis system
- silhouetting system
- single system
- single-board computer system
- single-cell system
- single-line lubrication system
- single-point lubrication system
- single-stage system
- single-tube system
- single-unit machining system
- single-variable system
- sinking system
- six-station pallet system
- size-monitoring system
- skidless system
- skid-type system
- small knowledge system
- small scale system
- small-batch manufacturing system
- sociotechnical system
- software-based system
- software-operating system
- solid model CAD system
- solid modeling system
- solids-based system
- sonic digitizing system
- space-monitoring sensor system
- special-purpose CNC system
- special-purpose material handling system
- speech-understanding system
- spindle airblast system
- spindle-probe system
- splash lubrication system
- split-type of tooling system
- spray lubrication system
- sprocket-chain system
- stabilization system
- stabilizing system
- stacking system
- stand-alone system
- standard control system
- standard unit system
- starting system
- statistical process control system
- steady-state system
- stepping motor drive system
- stocker system
- stocking system
- stop-bolt locking system
- storage system
- storage-and-retrieval system
- storage-retrieval system
- straight cut control system
- straight-line control system
- stress calculations infinite element system
- structurally stable system
- structurally unstable system
- stub-tooth system
- subloop system
- supervision system
- supervisory computer control system
- supervisory control system
- surface-measurement system
- surveillance system
- suspension system
- swarf conveyance system
- swarf-management system
- swarf-removal system
- switching system
- synthetic vision system
- system of dimensioning
- system of forces
- system of limits and fits
- system of quantities
- system of the machine retaining devices
- system of units
- tactile sensing system
- tailored NC system
- tailor-made system
- tape-oriented system
- target system
- teach system
- teachable-logic control system
- teaching system
- teach-mode programming system
- technology-intensive system
- telecommunication system
- telemetry gage system
- telemetry system
- teleoperated system
- telepresence system
- telerobotic system
- ten-station pallet system
- term system
- test system
- testing system
- text organizing system
- thermal control system
- thermal enclosure system
- thermal propulsion system
- thread measurement system
- thread measuring system
- three-dimensional CAM system
- three-dimensional coordinate system
- three-wire thread measuring system
- through feed system
- through-the-tool system
- time control system
- time cycle system
- time-shared system
- time-sharing NC programming system
- time-sharing system
- tool animation system
- tool breakage prevention system
- tool change system
- tool condition monitoring system
- tool coolant system
- tool deflection calibration system
- tool identification tag system
- tool life control system
- tool life management system
- tool magazine exchanger system
- tool management system
- tool position-compensating system
- tool shank cleaning system
- tool storage and transport system
- tool storage/management system
- tool-associated system
- tool-clamp system
- tool-holder-work system
- tool-ID system
- tooling AGV system
- tooling system
- tool-in-hand system
- tool-in-use system
- tool-machine system
- tool-monitoring system
- tool-mounting system
- tool-presetting system
- tool-probing system
- tool-to-turret connection system
- tool-transfer system
- torque-monitoring system
- total system
- total-loss lubrication system
- touch-probe digitizer system
- touch-probe digitizing system
- touch-probe system
- towline cart system
- towline conveyor system
- towline handling system
- towline material handling system
- towline transfer system
- tracer control system
- tracing system
- track system
- tracking/scheduling system
- track-monitoring system
- transfer system
- translating system
- transmission system
- transporter system
- traverse-metering system
- tray-type transfer system
- triangulation system
- tribomechanical system
- tri-level stocker system
- triordinate system
- trolley control system
- trouble-free control system
- T-slot system
- tuned system
- turning system
- turning-and-chucking system
- turnkey computer control system
- turnkey system
- turret probing system
- turret tooling system
- two-line lubrication system
- two-machine system
- two-pallet exchange system
- two-shift system
- two-tier inspection system
- unattended machining system
- unattended production system
- uncertain system
- unified system
- unit bore system
- unit system
- unit-build system
- unit-load automated storage and retrieval system
- unit-load system
- UNIX-based 32-bit computer system
- unmonitored control system
- unstable system
- user identification system
- user's CAD system
- V coding system
- vacuum system
- variable pallet system
- variable-coefficient system
- variable-gain ACC system
- variable-mission system
- versatile data acquisition system
- vertical carousel system
- vertical rotating warehouse system
- vibration system
- vibratory system
- video measuring system
- video-based measurement system
- viewing system
- virtual design system
- virtual storage system
- vision guidance system
- vision metrology system
- vision optical system
- vision sensor system
- vision system
- vision tool-presetting system
- vision-based inspection system
- vision-based system
- visual computing system
- visual inspection system
- VME-based system
- voice data entry system
- voice system
- voice-input system
- volume-flexible system
- volume-metric lubrication system
- voluntary standards system
- warehousing system
- warning protection system
- warning system
- wash system
- waste material treatment system
- watchdog system
- waterjet system
- way-lubrication system
- wedge-locked tool clamping system
- wheelhead-measuring system
- windowing system
- wire-cut system
- wire-frame CAD system
- wire-guided transport system
- wire-guided trolley routing system
- word recognition system
- work infeed system
- work transfer system
- work transport system
- workhandling system
- work-holding system
- workpiece-cleaning system
- workstation-oriented CNC system
- zero error position system

English-Russian dictionary of mechanical engineering and automation > system
13 _жінка; дружина

all are good lasses, but whence come the bad wives? all women look the same after the sun goes down any woman can keep a secret, but she generally needs one other woman to help her better the devil's than a woman's slave a cat has nine lives; a woman has nine cat's lives a diamond daughter turns to glass as a wife everybody's sweetheart is nobody's wife the fewer the women, the less the trouble the fingers of a housewife do more than a yoke of oxen the first wife is matrimony; the second, company; the third, heresy the grey mare is the better horse the hand that rocks the cradle rules the world handle with care women and glass hanging and wiving goes by destiny happy is the bride that the sun shines on he that has not got a wife is not yet a complete man he who has a fair wife needs more than two eyes hell hath no fury like a woman scorned if it is a secret, don't tell it to a woman it is harder to marry a daughter well than to bring her up well it is a woman's privilege to change her mind it is as great pity to see a woman weep as to see a goose go barefoot ladies don't smoke long hair and short wit the longest five years in a woman's life is between twenty-nine and thirty never choose your woman or your linen by candlelight never praise your wife until you have been married ten years never quarrel with a woman no house was ever big enough for two women no woman is ugly if she is well dressed one tongue is enough for two women the only secret a woman can keep is her age praise from a wife is praise indeed the real housewife is at once a slave and a lady she who is a beauty is half-married she who loves the looking glass hates the saucepan silence is a woman's best garment slander expires at a good woman's door tell a woman and you tell the world ten measures of talk were sent down from heaven, and women took nine there is no fury like a woman's fury there is nothing better than a good woman and nothing worse than a bad one there is one good wife in the country, and every man thinks he has her there's hardly a strife in which a woman has not been a prime mover ugliness is the guardian of women the ugliest woman can look in the mirror and think she is beautiful an undutiful daughter will prove an unmanageable wife when a girl whistles, the angels cry wherever there is a woman, there is gossip a whistling woman and a crowing hen are neither fit for God nor men winter weather and women's thoughts change often a wise woman never outsmarts her husband a woman, a cat, and a chimney should never leave the house a woman fights with her tongue a woman knows a bit more than Satan a woman laughs when she can but cries whenever she wishes the woman who obeys her husband rules him a woman's hair is her crowning glory a woman's hair is long, but her tongue is longer a woman's place is in the home a woman's tongue is one that will never wear out a woman's tongue is the only sharp-edged tool that grows keener with constant use women are necessary evils a woman's work is never done women are strong when they arm themselves with their weaknesses women forgive injuries, but never forget slights women would be more charming if one could fall into their arms without falling into their hands a worthy woman is the crown of her husband

English-Ukrainian dictionary of proverbs > _жінка; дружина
14 twinkle

1. intransitive verb
[Sterne, Augen:] funkeln, blitzen ( with vor + Dat.)
2. noun
1)

in a twinkle — im Handumdrehen

2) (sparkle of the eyes) Funkeln, das

‘...’, she said with a twinkle in her eye — ‘...’, sagte sie augenzwinkernd

you were just a twinkle in your father's eye then — zu der Zeit wussten deine Eltern noch nicht, dass es dich geben würde

the project is still only a twinkle in his eye — das Projekt ist bis jetzt nur eine ganz vage Idee von ihm

* * *
['twiŋkl] 1. verb
1) (to shine with a small, slightly unsteady light: The stars twinkled in the sky.) funkeln

2) ((of eyes) to shine in this way usually to express amusement: His eyes twinkled mischievously.) blitzen
2. noun
1) (an expression of amusement (in one's eyes).) das Zwinkern

2) (the act of twinkling.) das Blitzen

* * *

twin·kle

[ˈtwɪŋkl̩]

I. vi star, diamond funkeln, glitzern; lights also glimmern; eyes funkeln, blitzen

II. n no pl Glitzern nt, Glimmern nt; of diamonds, stars Funkeln nt

to do sth with a \twinkle in one's eye ( fig) etw mit einem [verschmitzten] Augenzwinkern tun

▶ to be just [or no more than] a \twinkle in one's father's eye noch gar nicht auf der Welt sein

* * *
['twɪŋkl]
1. vi
(stars) funkeln, flimmern, glitzern; (eyes) blitzen, funkeln
her feet twinkled across the stage — sie bewegte sich leichtfüßig über die Bühne

2. n

1) (of stars, lights) Funkeln nt, Flimmern nt, Glitzern nt

there was a ( mischievous) twinkle in her eye — man sah den Schalk in ihren Augen

no, he said with a twinkle (in his eye) — nein, sagte er augenzwinkernd

2)

(= instant) in a twinkle — sofort, im Handumdrehen

* * *

twinkle [ˈtwıŋkl]

A v/i

1. blitzen, funkeln (Sterne etc; auch Augen:

with vor dat)

2. huschen

3. zwinkern

B v/t twinkle one’s eyes mit den Augen zwinkern

C s

1. Blitzen n, Funkeln n

2. (Augen)Zwinkern n:

with a twinkle in one’s eye augenzwinkernd;

when you were just a twinkle in your father’s eye umg hum als du noch ein sündiger Gedanke deines Vaters warst

3. → academic.ru/77256/twinkling">twinkling 2

* * *
1. intransitive verb
[Sterne, Augen:] funkeln, blitzen ( with vor + Dat.)
2. noun
1)

in a twinkle — im Handumdrehen

2) (sparkle of the eyes) Funkeln, das

‘...’, she said with a twinkle in her eye — ‘...’, sagte sie augenzwinkernd

you were just a twinkle in your father's eye then — zu der Zeit wussten deine Eltern noch nicht, dass es dich geben würde

the project is still only a twinkle in his eye — das Projekt ist bis jetzt nur eine ganz vage Idee von ihm

* * *

v.

glitzern v.

English-german dictionary > twinkle
15 forma

f.

1 shape, form (figura).

en forma de in the shape of

en forma de L L-shaped

tener forma ovalada o de óvalo to be oval in shape

formas figure, curves (silueta)

2 way, manner (manera).

se puede hacer de varias formas it can be done in several different ways

¡qué forma de llover! it's absolutely pouring down!

de cualquier forma, de todas formas anyway, in any case

de esta forma in this way

forma de pago method of payment

forma de ser: es su forma de ser that's just the way he is

3 form.

la fotografía es una forma de arte photography is an art form

formas de vida life forms

4 form (no fondo).

forma y fondo form and content

5 host (religion).

6 form (formulario). (Mexican Spanish)

7 kind, form.

8 aspect, semblance, appearance.

9 cast.

pres.indicat.

3^rd person singular (él/ella/ello) present indicative of spanish verb: formar.

imperat.

2^nd person singular (tú) Imperative of Spanish verb: formar.

* * *

forma

► nombre femenino

1 (gen) form, shape

■ en forma de X X-shaped

2 (manera) way

3 DEPORTE form

► nombre femenino plural formas

1 (modales) manners, social conventions

2 familiar (de mujer) curves

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

de esta forma in this way

de forma que so that

de todas formas anyway, in any case

estar en baja forma to be off form

estar en forma to be in shape, be fit

ponerse en forma to get fit

buenas formas good manners

forma de pago method of payment

forma física physical fitness

la Sagrada Forma the Host

* * *

noun f.

1) form, shape

2) manner, way

•

- estar en forma

* * *

SF

1) (=figura) shape

tiene forma de pirámide — it is pyramid-shaped

hojas de forma triangular — triangular leaves

una serie de elementos dispuestos de forma circular — a series of elements arranged in a circle

la camisa ha cogido la forma de la percha — the shirt has been stretched out of shape by the hanger

• nubes de humo con forma de hongo — mushroom-shaped clouds of smoke

un pendiente con forma de animal mitológico — an earring in the shape of a mythological animal

• dar forma a — [+ objeto, joya] to shape; [+ idea, teoría] to give shape to

quiso dar forma literaria a sus teorías filosóficas — he wanted to put his philosophical theories into literary form

• en forma de U — U-shaped

pendientes en forma de corazón — heart-shaped earrings

• tomar forma — to take shape

la idea empezó a tomar forma el año pasado — the idea began to take shape last year

2) (=modo) way

me gusta más de esta forma — I like it better this way

yo tengo otra forma de ver las cosas — I see things in a different way

solo conozco una forma llegar hasta allí — I only know one way of getting there o one way to get there

no estoy de acuerdo con su forma de actuar — I don't agree with his way of doing things

no hubo forma de convencerlo — there was no way we could persuade him

• de forma directa/inmediata/natural — directly/immediately/naturally

el plan entrará en vigor de forma inmediata — the plan will take immediate effect, the plan will take effect immediately

este tema me preocupa de forma especial — this subject is of particular concern to me

• de esta forma — [gen] in this way; (=por consecuencia) thus

queremos controlar los costes y, de esta forma, evitar reducir la plantilla — we want to bring down costs and thus avoid having to downsize

• de todas formas — anyway, in any case

pero de todas formas te agradezco que me lo hayas dicho — but thank you for letting me know anyway, but in any case thank you for letting me know

forma de pago — method of payment, form of payment

forma de ser, es mi forma de ser — that's how I am, that's the way I am

3)

• de forma que — (=en un modo que) in such a way as, so as; (=por eso) so that

él intentó contestar la pregunta de forma que no le comprometiese — he tried to answer the question so as o in such a way as not to commit himself

el número de socios fue creciendo cada año, de forma que en 1989 eran ya varios miles — the number of members grew every year, so that o such that by 1989 there were several thousand

• de tal forma que — (=en un modo que) in such a way that; (=tanto que) so much that; (=por eso) so that

la noticia se filtró de tal forma que fueron incapaces de evitarlo — news leaked out in such a way that they were unable to stop it

la empresa ha crecido de tal forma que es irreconocible — the company has grown so much o to such an extent that it is unrecognizable

su padre era italiano y su madre polaca, de tal forma que él siempre se ha sentido europeo — his father was Italian and his mother Polish, so (that) he has always felt himself to be European

4) (tb: forma física) fitness, form

si no está al cien por cien de forma no jugará — if he isn't a hundred per cent fit he won't play

el jugador ha recuperado su forma física — the player is fit again, the player has regained fitness o form

cuida su forma física practicando también otros deportes — he keeps fit by playing other sports too

• estar en (buena) forma — [para hacer deporte] to be fit, be in good shape; [para realizar otra actividad] to be in (good) form

estar en baja forma — (lit) to be not fully fit; (fig) to be in bad shape

estar bajo de forma — to be in poor shape

mantenerse en forma — to keep fit

ponerse en forma — to get fit

5) (=aspecto externo) form

la forma y el fondo — form and content

es pura forma — it's just for the sake of form, it's a mere formality

• defecto de forma — (Jur) technicality

6) pl formas [femeninas] figure sing

7) pl formas [sociales] appearances

• guardar o mantener las formas — to keep up appearances

8) (Rel)

• la Sagrada Forma — the Host

9) (=molde) (Téc) mould, mold (EEUU); [de zapatero] last; [de sombrero] hatter's block; (Tip) forme, form (EEUU)

10) (Ling) [del verbo] form

11) (Tip) (=formato) format

12) LAm
*
• en forma, una fiesta en forma — a proper party, a blowout *

va a celebrar su cumpleaños en forma — he's going to have a proper o a serious * birthday party

nos aburrimos en forma — we were seriously bored *

13) Méx form
see MANERA, FORMA, MODO
* * *

femenino

1)

a) (contorno, apariencia) shape

tiene forma circular — it's circular (in shape)

en forma de cruz — in the shape of a cross

tiene la forma de un platillo — it's the shape of a saucer

dar forma a algo — ( al barro) to shape something; ( a proyecto) to give shape to something

tomar forma — to take shape

el suéter ha tomado la forma de la percha — the sweater's been stretched out of shape by the coat hanger

b) (tipo, modalidad) form

la discriminación no se tolerará bajo ninguna de sus formas — discrimination will not be tolerated in any shape or form

el medicamento se presenta en forma de comprimidos — the medicine comes in tablet form

2) (Lit) (de una novela, obra) form; (Fil) form

3) (Ling) form

4) (Dep, Med)

estar/mantenerse en forma — to be/keep fit

está en baja forma — he's not on form

en plena forma — on top form

en forma — (AmL fam)

una comida en forma — a good square meal (colloq)

nos divertimos en forma — (AmL fam) we had a really good time

5) (manera, modo) way

es su forma de ser — it's just the way he is

tiene una forma de ser que desconcierta — he has a rather disconcerting manner

qué forma de gritar! — there's no need to shout!

así no hay forma de entenderse — we'll never get anywhere like this

no veía la forma de convencerlo — I couldn't see how to convince him

de forma que — (frml) in such a way that

de cualquier forma or de todas formas — anyway, in any case

- forma de pago

6) formas femenino plural

a) ( de mujer) figure

b) ( apariencias) appearances (pl)

guardar las formas — to keep up appearances

7) (Méx) ( formulario) form

* * *

= approach [approaches, -pl.], form, guise, means, mode, shape, way, mould [mold, -USA], shaping, complexion, manner, fashion.

Ex. During the last twenty years the variety of approaches to the organisation of knowledge has proliferated with the introduction of computer-based methods.

Ex. It is under the chosen form of heading that the catalogue entry for a particular document is filed and hence located.

Ex. In various guises, the basic concepts have found application in the design of a number of special classification schemes.

Ex. The easiest means of illustrating some of the foregoing points is to introduce in outline some special classification schemes.

Ex. Various modes of operation are possible for such a journal, and the precise operation will depend upon the type of information being conveyed.

Ex. If the book has an unusual shape then both the height and the width of the book will be given.

Ex. They are likely to influence the future function of DC, and the way in which the scheme will evolve, but since there will be a continuing need for shelf arrangement, DC will remain necessary.

Ex. The two moulds, which were twins, were oblong wire sieves mounted on wooden frames, and the deckle was a removable wooden rim which could be fitted to either mould to make it into a tray-like sieve with a raised edge.

Ex. The process of shaping the scientific and technical propaganda into a legitimate specialisation is described.

Ex. These documents contain the Commission's sentiments on how policy should be evolved in particular sectors and what complexion it should take = Estos documentos contienen el sentir de la Comisión de cómo debería desarrollarse la política en sectores concretos y qué cariz debería tomar.

Ex. City planning is a body of techniques and theories for co-ordinative decision-making which tries to distribute the community's resources in a manner which will best achieve the community's specific goals, whatever they may be = El urbanismo es un conjunto de técnicas y teorías para la toma coordinada de decisiones que intenta distribuir los recursos de la comunidad de tal forma que se consigan mejor los objetivos específicos de ésta, sean cuales sean.

Ex. It was on the tip of his tongue to say: 'Must you speak to me in this uncivilized fashion?' But he discreetly forbore.

----

* acabar de forma positiva = end + Nombre + on a high (note).

* actuar de forma negligente = be remiss.

* adoptar forma = take + shape.

* adoptar la forma de = take + form, take + the form of, come in + the form of.

* aprender de la forma más difícil = learn + the hard way.

* asumir una forma = assume + form.

* botón en forma de palo = toggle fastener.

* buena forma física = fitness, physical fitness.

* buscar la forma de = look for + ways to.

* buscar la forma de + Infinitivo = develop + way of + Gerundio.

* buscar una forma de hacer (algo) = develop + way + to make + Nombre.

* caer en forma de cascada = cascade.

* cambiar de forma = shape-shift.

* cambiar de forma de vivir = turn + Posesivo + life around.

* catálogo encuadernado en forma de listado de ordenador = computer book form catalogue.

* catálogo en forma de álbum = guard (book) catalogue.

* catálogo en forma de libro = bookform catalogue, book catalogue.

* catálogo en forma de libro encuadernado = bound book form catalogue.

* catálogo en forma de listado = computer print-out catalogue.

* catálogo en forma de listado de ordenador = computer book form catalogue.

* catálogo impreso en forma de libro = printed book catalogue.

* como forma de vida = as a way of life.

* como una forma de = as a means of.

* concepto de forma = form concept.

* con forma de castillo = castellated.

* con forma de estrella = star-shaped [star shaped].

* con forma de pelo = hair-like.

* con forma de pera = pear-shaped.

* con forma de pirámide = trihedral, pyramidal-shaped.

* con forma de tetraedro = trihedral.

* con forma de U = U-shaped.

* con forma piramidal = pyramidal-shaped.

* dar cuerpo y forma a = lend + substance and form to.

* dar forma = become + cast, give + shape, shape, mould [mold, -USA], inform.

* dar nueva forma = reformat [re-format].

* de alguna forma = in one way or another, one way or another.

* de alguna otra forma = in any other way.

* de cualquier forma = in any event, in any way [in anyway], in any case, in any way at all.

* de cualquier forma posible = in any and all ways.

* de esta forma = in this fashion, in this manner, in this way.

* de forma = in form.

* de forma abrumadora = overwhelmingly.

* de forma aceptable = adequately, acceptably.

* de forma adecuada = adequately, appropriately.

* de forma alternada = in alternating fashion.

* de forma alternativa = alternatively.

* de forma anónima = anonymously.

* de forma aplastante = overwhelmingly.

* de forma apreciable = markedly.

* de forma apropiada = properly, fitly, appropriately.

* de forma audible = audibly.

* de forma autónoma = autonomously.

* de forma caprichosa = capriciously.

* de forma clara = clearly.

* de forma colegiada = collegially.

* de forma combinada = in combination.

* de forma competitiva = competitively.

* de forma complementaria = complimentarily.

* de forma completa = in full.

* de forma conjunta con = in partnership with.

* de forma considerable = considerably.

* de forma continuada = continuously.

* de forma cuadrada = squarish, square-shaped.

* de forma deductiva = deductively.

* de forma desastrosa = disastrously.

* de forma deshonesta = dishonestly.

* de forma diferente = differently shaped.

* de forma digital = digitally.

* de forma divertida = funnily.

* de forma económica = cost-effectively.

* de forma errática = erratically.

* de forma escandalosa = outrageously.

* de forma especulativa = speculatively.

* de forma estructurada = in a structured fashion.

* de forma exquisita = exquisitely.

* de forma extraña = oddly, funnily.

* de forma federal = federally.

* de forma general = widely, bulk.

* de forma global = holistically.

* de forma graciosa = funnily.

* de forma gratis = on a complimentary basis.

* de forma gratuita = on a complimentary basis.

* de forma grotesca = grotesquely.

* de forma heterogénea = heterogeneously [heterogenously].

* de forma heurística = heuristically.

* de forma humorística = in a humorous vein.

* de forma imaginativa = imaginatively.

* de forma indirecta = circuitous route.

* de forma inesperada = like a bolt out of the blue, like a bolt from the blue.

* de forma innata = innately.

* de forma irregular = erratically.

* de forma lamentable = miserably.

* de forma lógica = in a meaningful way.

* de forma mágica = magically.

* de forma mecánica = mechanically.

* de forma mordaz = pungently.

* de forma muy parecida a = in much the same way as.

* de forma muy similar a = in much the same way as.

* de forma negativa = in a negative light.

* de forma neutral = neutrally.

* de forma notoria = markedly.

* de forma óptima = optimally.

* de forma personalizada = on a one-to-one basis.

* de forma poco ética = unethically.

* de forma poco imaginativa = unimaginatively.

* de forma poco profesional = unprofessionally.

* de forma poco razonable = unreasonably.

* de forma positiva = in a positive light, constructively.

* de forma práctica = pragmatically.

* de forma precisa = precisely.

* de forma puntual = occasionally, when necessary.

* de forma que = in ways that.

* de forma que resulta más fácil de entender = in digestible form.

* de forma rara = oddly, funnily.

* de forma recíproca = reciprocally.

* de forma regular = regularly.

* de forma rentable = cost-effectively.

* de forma ridícula = grotesquely.

* de forma saludable = healthily.

* de forma sana = healthily.

* de forma significativa = to any significant extent, to a significant extent.

* de forma sistemática = in a systematic fashion.

* de forma sofisticada = sophisticatedly.

* de forma subconsciente = subconsciously.

* de forma sublime = subliminally.

* de forma suscinta = in brief.

* de forma terapéutica = therapeutically.

* de forma tosca = in crude form.

* de forma trágica = tragically.

* de igual forma = in like manner, in a like manner, in like fashion, in like vein.

* de la forma más difícil = the hard way.

* de la forma más fácil = the easy way .

* de la mejor forma posible = to the best of + Posesivo + ability.

* de la misma forma que = in the same way (as), in the same manner (as), in much the same way as.

* de la otra forma = the other way (a)round.

* de muchas formas = in more ways than one.

* de ninguna forma = in any way at all.

* de ninguna otra forma = in any other way.

* de nuevas formas = in new ways.

* de otra forma = in any other way.

* describir de forma general = outline.

* de tal forma que + ser/estar = in such form as to + be.

* de todas formas = anyway(s), at any rate, anyhow.

* de todas las formas posibles = in any and all ways.

* de una forma = in a fashion.

* de una forma + Adjetivo = in + Adjetivo + manner.

* de una forma ambigua = ambiguously.

* de una forma brillante = brilliantly.

* de una forma deplorable = execrably.

* de una forma fácil = easily.

* de una forma hábil = skilfully [skillfully, -USA].

* de una forma intangible = intangibly.

* de una forma lógica = logically.

* de una forma monstruosa = monstrously.

* de una forma organizada = in an organised fashion.

* de una forma rápida = quickly.

* de una forma relativamente + Nombre = relatively + Adverbio.

* de una forma simple = in a simple manner, simply.

* de una forma tautológica = tautologically.

* de una forma u otra = in some form or other, in one way or another, one way or another, in one form or another.

* de una nueva forma = in a new way.

* dispuesto de forma uniforme = regimented.

* división de forma = form division.

* edificio en forma de cubo = cubic building.

* en buena forma = in good nick.

* encabezamiento de forma = form heading.

* encontrar la forma de = devise + ways.

* en forma = fit [fitter -comp., fittest -sup.], toned.

* en forma de = in the form of, in the shape of.

* en forma de A = A-shaped.

* en forma de arco = arched, bowed.

* en forma de capa = cape-like.

* en forma de cruz = cross-shaped.

* en forma de cuadrado = square-shaped.

* en forma de cuña = wedge-shaped.

* en forma de cúpula = dome-shaped, domed.

* en forma de D = d-shaped.

* en forma de estrella = star-shaped [star shaped].

* en forma de libro = in book form.

* en forma de medialuna = crescent-shaped.

* en forma de parásito = parasitically.

* en forma de pera = pear-shaped.

* en forma de pirámide = pyramidal-shaped.

* en forma de trompeta = trumpet-shaped.

* en forma de U = U-shaped.

* en forma de V = V-shaped.

* en forma física = physically fit.

* en forma física y mental = physically and mentally fit.

* en forma ovalada = oval-shaped.

* en forma piramidal = pyramidal-shaped.

* en mala forma = in bad nick.

* en plena forma = in peak condition, in tip-top form, in tip-top condition.

* en su forma más básica = at its most basic.

* entintar la forma = beat + the forme.

* entrada de forma = form entry.

* estar en forma = be in shape, be in good shape.

* estar ordenado en forma circular = be on a wheel.

* faceta de forma = Form facet.

* forma adjetival = adjectival form.

* forma artística = art form.

* forma de actuar = discourse.

* forma de comportamiento = mode of behaviour, way of conduct.

* forma de conducta = mode of conduct, way of conduct.

* forma de conseguir algo = lever.

* forma de doble fondo = double-faced mould.

* forma de escribir = writing style.

* forma de evitar Algo = way round + Algo.

* forma de evitar una dificultad = way (a)round + difficulty.

* forma de evitar un problema = way round + problem.

* forma de expresión = way of expression, mode of expression.

* forma de funcionar = business model.

* forma de hablar = manner of speaking.

* forma de hacer papel = paper mould.

* forma de impresión = composing frame, forme, plate, frame.

* forma de la curva estadística en su valor más alto = peak-shape.

* forma de pago = form of payment.

* forma de papel vitela = wove mould.

* forma de pensar = thinking, belief system, set of opinions, mode of thought, mode of thinking.

* forma de presentación = form of presentation.

* forma de trabajar = working practice, work practice, business model.

* forma de un solo fondo = single-faced mould.

* forma de un solo fondo para papel verjurado = single-faced laid mould.

* forma de ver las cosas = way of putting things together, bent of mind.

* forma de vida = way of life.

* forma excelente = commanding form.

* forma física = physical form, physical condition, physical shape.

* forma flexionada = inflected form.

* forma geométrica = geometric shape, geometric pattern.

* forma impresa = hard copy [hardcopy].

* forma intelectual = intellectual form.

* forma manual = hand mould.

* forma nominal = noun form.

* forma para papel verjurado = laid mould.

* ganar de forma abrumadora = beat + Nombre + hands down, win + hands down.

* ganar de forma aplastante = beat + Nombre + hands down, win + hands down, win by + a landslide.

* ganar de forma arrolladora = win by + a landslide.

* guardar las formas = keep up + appearances.

* indicar las formas (de/en que) = point to + ways (of/in which).

* la forma correcta de hacer las cosas = the way to go.

* la forma de = ways and means (of/for/to/in/by).

* la forma de + Infinitivo = the way to go about + Gerundio.

* la forma de ver las cosas = the way + to see things.

* la mejor forma de hacer Algo = lessons learned [lessons learnt].

* mantenerse en forma = keep + fit.

* no haber forma de = there + be + no way.

* no hay forma de que = for the life of me.

* ofrecer una forma de = provide + a way of/to.

* orientado hacia la forma = form-oriented.

* participar de forma activa = involve.

* participar de forma activa en = engage in.

* participar de una forma activa = become + involved.

* pensar de forma creativa = think out(side) + (of) the box.

* poner en forma = buff up.

* ponerse en forma = get + fit.

* ponerse en forma para la lucir el cuerpo en la playa = get + beach-fit.

* por la forma = by the way.

* presentar en forma de tabla = tabulate.

* red en forma de estrella = star network [star-network].

* sentirse en plena forma = feel + tip-top.

* ser la forma abreviada de = be short for.

* ser la forma de = be a recipe for.

* ser mirado de forma extraña = get + some funny looks.

* ser una forma de = provide + a way of/to.

* sin forma = bodilessly, formless.

* sugerir la forma de = suggest + way in which.

* tener forma + Adjetivo = be + Adjetivo + in shape.

* terminar de forma positiva = end + Nombre + on a high (note).

* tomar forma = take + form, take + shape, assume + form, shape up.

* una buena forma de empezar = a good way to start.

* volver a dar forma = reshape [re-shape].

* * *

femenino

1)

a) (contorno, apariencia) shape

tiene forma circular — it's circular (in shape)

en forma de cruz — in the shape of a cross

tiene la forma de un platillo — it's the shape of a saucer

dar forma a algo — ( al barro) to shape something; ( a proyecto) to give shape to something

tomar forma — to take shape

el suéter ha tomado la forma de la percha — the sweater's been stretched out of shape by the coat hanger

b) (tipo, modalidad) form

la discriminación no se tolerará bajo ninguna de sus formas — discrimination will not be tolerated in any shape or form

el medicamento se presenta en forma de comprimidos — the medicine comes in tablet form

2) (Lit) (de una novela, obra) form; (Fil) form

3) (Ling) form

4) (Dep, Med)

estar/mantenerse en forma — to be/keep fit

está en baja forma — he's not on form

en plena forma — on top form

en forma — (AmL fam)

una comida en forma — a good square meal (colloq)

nos divertimos en forma — (AmL fam) we had a really good time

5) (manera, modo) way

es su forma de ser — it's just the way he is

tiene una forma de ser que desconcierta — he has a rather disconcerting manner

qué forma de gritar! — there's no need to shout!

así no hay forma de entenderse — we'll never get anywhere like this

no veía la forma de convencerlo — I couldn't see how to convince him

de forma que — (frml) in such a way that

de cualquier forma or de todas formas — anyway, in any case

- forma de pago

6) formas femenino plural

a) ( de mujer) figure

b) ( apariencias) appearances (pl)

guardar las formas — to keep up appearances

7) (Méx) ( formulario) form

* * *

= approach [approaches, -pl.], form, guise, means, mode, shape, way, mould [mold, -USA], shaping, complexion, manner, fashion.

Ex: During the last twenty years the variety of approaches to the organisation of knowledge has proliferated with the introduction of computer-based methods.

Ex: It is under the chosen form of heading that the catalogue entry for a particular document is filed and hence located.

Ex: In various guises, the basic concepts have found application in the design of a number of special classification schemes.

Ex: The easiest means of illustrating some of the foregoing points is to introduce in outline some special classification schemes.

Ex: Various modes of operation are possible for such a journal, and the precise operation will depend upon the type of information being conveyed.

Ex: If the book has an unusual shape then both the height and the width of the book will be given.

Ex: They are likely to influence the future function of DC, and the way in which the scheme will evolve, but since there will be a continuing need for shelf arrangement, DC will remain necessary.

Ex: The two moulds, which were twins, were oblong wire sieves mounted on wooden frames, and the deckle was a removable wooden rim which could be fitted to either mould to make it into a tray-like sieve with a raised edge.

Ex: The process of shaping the scientific and technical propaganda into a legitimate specialisation is described.

Ex: These documents contain the Commission's sentiments on how policy should be evolved in particular sectors and what complexion it should take = Estos documentos contienen el sentir de la Comisión de cómo debería desarrollarse la política en sectores concretos y qué cariz debería tomar.

Ex: City planning is a body of techniques and theories for co-ordinative decision-making which tries to distribute the community's resources in a manner which will best achieve the community's specific goals, whatever they may be = El urbanismo es un conjunto de técnicas y teorías para la toma coordinada de decisiones que intenta distribuir los recursos de la comunidad de tal forma que se consigan mejor los objetivos específicos de ésta, sean cuales sean.

Ex: It was on the tip of his tongue to say: 'Must you speak to me in this uncivilized fashion?' But he discreetly forbore.

* acabar de forma positiva = end + Nombre + on a high (note).

* actuar de forma negligente = be remiss.

* adoptar forma = take + shape.

* adoptar la forma de = take + form, take + the form of, come in + the form of.

* aprender de la forma más difícil = learn + the hard way.

* asumir una forma = assume + form.

* botón en forma de palo = toggle fastener.

* buena forma física = fitness, physical fitness.

* buscar la forma de = look for + ways to.

* buscar la forma de + Infinitivo = develop + way of + Gerundio.

* buscar una forma de hacer (algo) = develop + way + to make + Nombre.

* caer en forma de cascada = cascade.

* cambiar de forma = shape-shift.

* cambiar de forma de vivir = turn + Posesivo + life around.

* catálogo encuadernado en forma de listado de ordenador = computer book form catalogue.

* catálogo en forma de álbum = guard (book) catalogue.

* catálogo en forma de libro = bookform catalogue, book catalogue.

* catálogo en forma de libro encuadernado = bound book form catalogue.

* catálogo en forma de listado = computer print-out catalogue.

* catálogo en forma de listado de ordenador = computer book form catalogue.

* catálogo impreso en forma de libro = printed book catalogue.

* como forma de vida = as a way of life.

* como una forma de = as a means of.

* concepto de forma = form concept.

* con forma de castillo = castellated.

* con forma de estrella = star-shaped [star shaped].

* con forma de pelo = hair-like.

* con forma de pera = pear-shaped.

* con forma de pirámide = trihedral, pyramidal-shaped.

* con forma de tetraedro = trihedral.

* con forma de U = U-shaped.

* con forma piramidal = pyramidal-shaped.

* dar cuerpo y forma a = lend + substance and form to.

* dar forma = become + cast, give + shape, shape, mould [mold, -USA], inform.

* dar nueva forma = reformat [re-format].

* de alguna forma = in one way or another, one way or another.

* de alguna otra forma = in any other way.

* de cualquier forma = in any event, in any way [in anyway], in any case, in any way at all.

* de cualquier forma posible = in any and all ways.

* de esta forma = in this fashion, in this manner, in this way.

* de forma = in form.

* de forma abrumadora = overwhelmingly.

* de forma aceptable = adequately, acceptably.

* de forma adecuada = adequately, appropriately.

* de forma alternada = in alternating fashion.

* de forma alternativa = alternatively.

* de forma anónima = anonymously.

* de forma aplastante = overwhelmingly.

* de forma apreciable = markedly.

* de forma apropiada = properly, fitly, appropriately.

* de forma audible = audibly.

* de forma autónoma = autonomously.

* de forma caprichosa = capriciously.

* de forma clara = clearly.

* de forma colegiada = collegially.

* de forma combinada = in combination.

* de forma competitiva = competitively.

* de forma complementaria = complimentarily.

* de forma completa = in full.

* de forma conjunta con = in partnership with.

* de forma considerable = considerably.

* de forma continuada = continuously.

* de forma cuadrada = squarish, square-shaped.

* de forma deductiva = deductively.

* de forma desastrosa = disastrously.

* de forma deshonesta = dishonestly.

* de forma diferente = differently shaped.

* de forma digital = digitally.

* de forma divertida = funnily.

* de forma económica = cost-effectively.

* de forma errática = erratically.

* de forma escandalosa = outrageously.

* de forma especulativa = speculatively.

* de forma estructurada = in a structured fashion.

* de forma exquisita = exquisitely.

* de forma extraña = oddly, funnily.

* de forma federal = federally.

* de forma general = widely, bulk.

* de forma global = holistically.

* de forma graciosa = funnily.

* de forma gratis = on a complimentary basis.

* de forma gratuita = on a complimentary basis.

* de forma grotesca = grotesquely.

* de forma heterogénea = heterogeneously [heterogenously].

* de forma heurística = heuristically.

* de forma humorística = in a humorous vein.

* de forma imaginativa = imaginatively.

* de forma indirecta = circuitous route.

* de forma inesperada = like a bolt out of the blue, like a bolt from the blue.

* de forma innata = innately.

* de forma irregular = erratically.

* de forma lamentable = miserably.

* de forma lógica = in a meaningful way.

* de forma mágica = magically.

* de forma mecánica = mechanically.

* de forma mordaz = pungently.

* de forma muy parecida a = in much the same way as.

* de forma muy similar a = in much the same way as.

* de forma negativa = in a negative light.

* de forma neutral = neutrally.

* de forma notoria = markedly.

* de forma óptima = optimally.

* de forma personalizada = on a one-to-one basis.

* de forma poco ética = unethically.

* de forma poco imaginativa = unimaginatively.

* de forma poco profesional = unprofessionally.

* de forma poco razonable = unreasonably.

* de forma positiva = in a positive light, constructively.

* de forma práctica = pragmatically.

* de forma precisa = precisely.

* de forma puntual = occasionally, when necessary.

* de forma que = in ways that.

* de forma que resulta más fácil de entender = in digestible form.

* de forma rara = oddly, funnily.

* de forma recíproca = reciprocally.

* de forma regular = regularly.

* de forma rentable = cost-effectively.

* de forma ridícula = grotesquely.

* de forma saludable = healthily.

* de forma sana = healthily.

* de forma significativa = to any significant extent, to a significant extent.

* de forma sistemática = in a systematic fashion.

* de forma sofisticada = sophisticatedly.

* de forma subconsciente = subconsciously.

* de forma sublime = subliminally.

* de forma suscinta = in brief.

* de forma terapéutica = therapeutically.

* de forma tosca = in crude form.

* de forma trágica = tragically.

* de igual forma = in like manner, in a like manner, in like fashion, in like vein.

* de la forma más difícil = the hard way.

* de la forma más fácil = the easy way.

* de la mejor forma posible = to the best of + Posesivo + ability.

* de la misma forma que = in the same way (as), in the same manner (as), in much the same way as.

* de la otra forma = the other way (a)round.

* de muchas formas = in more ways than one.

* de ninguna forma = in any way at all.

* de ninguna otra forma = in any other way.

* de nuevas formas = in new ways.

* de otra forma = in any other way.

* describir de forma general = outline.

* de tal forma que + ser/estar = in such form as to + be.

* de todas formas = anyway(s), at any rate, anyhow.

* de todas las formas posibles = in any and all ways.

* de una forma = in a fashion.

* de una forma + Adjetivo = in + Adjetivo + manner.

* de una forma ambigua = ambiguously.

* de una forma brillante = brilliantly.

* de una forma deplorable = execrably.

* de una forma fácil = easily.

* de una forma hábil = skilfully [skillfully, -USA].

* de una forma intangible = intangibly.

* de una forma lógica = logically.

* de una forma monstruosa = monstrously.

* de una forma organizada = in an organised fashion.

* de una forma rápida = quickly.

* de una forma relativamente + Nombre = relatively + Adverbio.

* de una forma simple = in a simple manner, simply.

* de una forma tautológica = tautologically.

* de una forma u otra = in some form or other, in one way or another, one way or another, in one form or another.

* de una nueva forma = in a new way.

* dispuesto de forma uniforme = regimented.

* división de forma = form division.

* edificio en forma de cubo = cubic building.

* en buena forma = in good nick.

* encabezamiento de forma = form heading.

* encontrar la forma de = devise + ways.

* en forma = fit [fitter -comp., fittest -sup.], toned.

* en forma de = in the form of, in the shape of.

* en forma de A = A-shaped.

* en forma de arco = arched, bowed.

* en forma de capa = cape-like.

* en forma de cruz = cross-shaped.

* en forma de cuadrado = square-shaped.

* en forma de cuña = wedge-shaped.

* en forma de cúpula = dome-shaped, domed.

* en forma de D = d-shaped.

* en forma de estrella = star-shaped [star shaped].

* en forma de libro = in book form.

* en forma de medialuna = crescent-shaped.

* en forma de parásito = parasitically.

* en forma de pera = pear-shaped.

* en forma de pirámide = pyramidal-shaped.

* en forma de trompeta = trumpet-shaped.

* en forma de U = U-shaped.

* en forma de V = V-shaped.

* en forma física = physically fit.

* en forma física y mental = physically and mentally fit.

* en forma ovalada = oval-shaped.

* en forma piramidal = pyramidal-shaped.

* en mala forma = in bad nick.

* en plena forma = in peak condition, in tip-top form, in tip-top condition.

* en su forma más básica = at its most basic.

* entintar la forma = beat + the forme.

* entrada de forma = form entry.

* estar en forma = be in shape, be in good shape.

* estar ordenado en forma circular = be on a wheel.

* faceta de forma = Form facet.

* forma adjetival = adjectival form.

* forma artística = art form.

* forma de actuar = discourse.

* forma de comportamiento = mode of behaviour, way of conduct.

* forma de conducta = mode of conduct, way of conduct.

* forma de conseguir algo = lever.

* forma de doble fondo = double-faced mould.

* forma de escribir = writing style.

* forma de evitar Algo = way round + Algo.

* forma de evitar una dificultad = way (a)round + difficulty.

* forma de evitar un problema = way round + problem.

* forma de expresión = way of expression, mode of expression.

* forma de funcionar = business model.

* forma de hablar = manner of speaking.

* forma de hacer papel = paper mould.

* forma de impresión = composing frame, forme, plate, frame.

* forma de la curva estadística en su valor más alto = peak-shape.

* forma de pago = form of payment.

* forma de papel vitela = wove mould.

* forma de pensar = thinking, belief system, set of opinions, mode of thought, mode of thinking.

* forma de presentación = form of presentation.

* forma de trabajar = working practice, work practice, business model.

* forma de un solo fondo = single-faced mould.

* forma de un solo fondo para papel verjurado = single-faced laid mould.

* forma de ver las cosas = way of putting things together, bent of mind.

* forma de vida = way of life.

* forma excelente = commanding form.

* forma física = physical form, physical condition, physical shape.

* forma flexionada = inflected form.

* forma geométrica = geometric shape, geometric pattern.

* forma impresa = hard copy [hardcopy].

* forma intelectual = intellectual form.

* forma manual = hand mould.

* forma nominal = noun form.

* forma para papel verjurado = laid mould.

* ganar de forma abrumadora = beat + Nombre + hands down, win + hands down.

* ganar de forma aplastante = beat + Nombre + hands down, win + hands down, win by + a landslide.

* ganar de forma arrolladora = win by + a landslide.

* guardar las formas = keep up + appearances.

* indicar las formas (de/en que) = point to + ways (of/in which).

* la forma correcta de hacer las cosas = the way to go.

* la forma de = ways and means (of/for/to/in/by).

* la forma de + Infinitivo = the way to go about + Gerundio.

* la forma de ver las cosas = the way + to see things.

* la mejor forma de hacer Algo = lessons learned [lessons learnt].

* mantenerse en forma = keep + fit.

* no haber forma de = there + be + no way.

* no hay forma de que = for the life of me.

* ofrecer una forma de = provide + a way of/to.

* orientado hacia la forma = form-oriented.

* participar de forma activa = involve.

* participar de forma activa en = engage in.

* participar de una forma activa = become + involved.

* pensar de forma creativa = think out(side) + (of) the box.

* poner en forma = buff up.

* ponerse en forma = get + fit.

* ponerse en forma para la lucir el cuerpo en la playa = get + beach-fit.

* por la forma = by the way.

* presentar en forma de tabla = tabulate.

* red en forma de estrella = star network [star-network].

* sentirse en plena forma = feel + tip-top.

* ser la forma abreviada de = be short for.

* ser la forma de = be a recipe for.

* ser mirado de forma extraña = get + some funny looks.

* ser una forma de = provide + a way of/to.

* sin forma = bodilessly, formless.

* sugerir la forma de = suggest + way in which.

* tener forma + Adjetivo = be + Adjetivo + in shape.

* terminar de forma positiva = end + Nombre + on a high (note).

* tomar forma = take + form, take + shape, assume + form, shape up.

* una buena forma de empezar = a good way to start.

* volver a dar forma = reshape [re-shape].

* * *

forma

feminine

A

1 (contorno, apariencia) shape

tiene forma circular it's circular (in shape)

en forma de cruz in the shape of a cross

tiene la forma de un platillo it's the shape of a saucer o it's saucer-shaped

los tenemos de todas formas y tamaños we have them in all shapes and sizes

el alfarero da forma al barro the potter shapes the clay

finalmente logró dar forma a sus proyectos he finally managed to give some shape to his plans

el suéter ha cogido la forma de la percha the sweater's been stretched out of shape by the coat hanger

el príncipe tomó la forma de una rana the prince turned into a frog

la escultura/el proyecto está empezando a tomar forma the sculpture/plan is beginning to take shape

2 (tipo, modalidad) form

la discriminación no puede ser tolerada bajo ninguna de sus formas discrimination cannot be tolerated in any shape or form

las distintas formas de vida animal the different forms of animal life

el medicamento se presenta en forma de supositorios y de comprimidos the medicine comes in suppository or tablet form

B

1 ( Lit) (de una novela, obra) form

fondo y forma form and content

2 ( Der):

un defecto de forma a technicality ( in drafting or presentation)

3 ( Fil) form

C ( Ling) form

la forma singular the singular (form)

D ( Dep, Med):

estar/mantenerse en forma to be/keep fit

esta temporada está en baja forma this season he's off form o he's not in good form

me siento en plena forma I feel on top form

en forma ( AmL fam): una comida en forma a good square meal ( colloq)

hoy nos divertimos en forma we had a terrific o fantastic time today

metiste la pata en (gran) forma you really put your foot in it ( colloq)

E (manera, modo) way

es su forma de ser it's just his way, it's just the way he is

no me gusta nada su forma de organizar las cosas I don't like his way of organizing things at all

¡qué forma de gritar, ni que estuviese sorda! there's no need to shout, I'm not deaf!

así no hay forma de entenderse we'll never get anywhere like this

lo hizo de forma que él no se enterase ( frml); she did it in such a way that he would not find out

de cualquier forma or de todas formas or de una forma o de otra anyway, in any case

Compuesto:

forma de pago

form o method of payment

F formas fpl

1 (de una mujer) figure

2 (apariencias) appearances (pl)

en público siempre guardan or cubren las formas they always keep up appearances in public

G ( Méx) (formulario) form

* * *

Del verbo formar: ( conjugate formar)

forma es:

3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente indicativo

2ª persona singular (tú) imperativo

Multiple Entries:
forma
formar
forma sustantivo femenino
1
a) (contorno, apariencia) shape;

◊ en forma de cruz in the shape of a cross;

tiene la forma de un platillo it's the shape of a saucer;
dar forma a algo ( al barro) to shape sth;

( a proyecto) to give shape to sth
b) (tipo, modalidad) form;

◊ distintas formas de vida animal different forms of animal life;

forma de pago form o method of payment
2 (Dep, Med):
◊ estar en forma to be fit;

está en baja forma he's not on form;
en plena forma on top form;
en forma: nos divertimos en forma we had a really good time
3 (manera, modo) way;
◊ es su forma de ser it's just the way he is;

¡vaya forma de conducir! what a way to drive!;
forma de vida way of life;
de forma distinta differently;
de cualquier forma or de todas formas anyway, in any case
4
◊ formas sustantivo femenino plural

a) ( de mujer) figure

b) ( apariencias) appearances (pl);

◊ guardar las formas to keep up appearances

5 (Méx) ( formulario) form
formar ( conjugate formar) verbo transitivo
1
a) ( crear) ‹círculo/figura› to make, form;

‹asociación/gobierno› to form, set up;
‹ barricada› to set up;
◊ ¡formen parejas! ( en clase) get into pairs o twos!;

( en baile) take your partners!
b) (Ling) to form

c) (Mil) ‹ tropas› to have … fall in

2 ( componer) to make up;
◊ un equipo formado por cinco personas a team made up of five people;

forma parte de algo to be part of sth, to belong to sth
3 ‹carácter/espíritu› to form, shape
4 ( educar) to bring up;
( para trabajo) to train
verbo intransitivo (Mil) to fall in
formarse verbo pronominal
1
a) (hacerse, crearse) [grupo/organismo] to form;

◊ se formó una cola a line (AmE) o (BrE) queue formed

b) ( desarrollarse) [niño/huesos] to develop

c) ‹idea/opinión› to form

2 ( educarse) to be educated;
( para trabajo) to be trained
forma sustantivo femenino
1 form, shape: una vasija en forma de campana, a bell-shaped vessel
2 (modo) way: hazlo de otra forma do it another way
no hay forma de probarlo, there's no way to prove it
forma de pago, method of payment
3 Dep form: está en baja forma, she's off form
me mantengo en forma, I keep fit 4 formas, (modales) manners
guardar las formas, to keep up appearances
♦ Locuciones: de forma que, so that
de todas formas, anyway, in any case
formar verbo transitivo
1 to form
2 (criar) to bring up
(instruir) to educate, train
' forma' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
A
- acento
- aerodinámica
- aerodinámico
- amorfa
- amorfo
- anacrónica
- anacrónico
- borla
- cerrada
- cerrado
- circular
- congruente
- cónica
- cónico
- corpórea
- corpóreo
- defraudar
- diferente
- ser
- escribano
- estrafalaria
- estrafalario
- estrechamiento
- estrellada
- estrellado
- formalmente
- herida
- histriónica
- histriónico
- imitar
- inicua
- inicuo
- ladrón
- ladrona
- mercenaria
- mercenario
- modo
- óptica
- oscurecer
- pequeña
- pequeño
- política
- redonda
- redondo
- sambenito
- tallar
- tela
- tener
- Tiro
English:
A
- agenda
- agree
- alternately
- amusing
- an
- and
- angular
- anyhow
- arrange
- as
- attuned to
- be
- begin
- best
- blend
- circle
- crescent
- cupcake
- day
- deny
- diamond
- disgusting
- do
- enjoy
- expect
- expedient
- faint
- figure
- fish
- fit
- fitness
- form
- freeware
- from
- go
- heart-shaped
- hexagon
- jelly baby
- jelly bean
- Jerkily
- keep
- kidney shaped
- lack
- lie
- manner
- mister
- must
- parcel
- pear-shaped

* * *

forma nf

1. [figura] shape, form;

¿qué forma tiene? what shape is it?;

en forma de triángulo in the shape of a triangle;

en forma de L L-shaped;

el escultor dio forma al barro the sculptor shaped the clay;

tener forma ovalada o [m5] de óvalo to be oval (in shape);

el proyecto comienza a tomar forma the project is starting to take shape

2. [manera] way, manner;

tiene una forma de hablar muy divertida she has a very funny way of talking;

no ha habido forma de localizarlo it was impossible to find him;

se puede hacer de varias formas it can be done in several different ways;

lo siento, es mi forma de ser I'm sorry, that's just the way I am o that's just my way;

¡qué forma de llover! it's absolutely pouring down!;

de cualquier forma, de todas formas anyway, in any case;

si lo hacemos de esta forma, acabaremos antes if we do it this way, we'll finish earlier;

viajaremos en segunda, de esta forma recortaremos gastos we can travel second class, that way we'll keep the cost down;

han organizado las conferencias de forma que haya diez minutos de intervalo entre ellas they've arranged the speeches in such a way that there's a ten-minute break between each one;

llegaremos a las ocho, de forma que podamos comenzar temprano we'll be there by eight so (that) we can start early;

dobla la camisa de forma que no se arruguen las mangas fold the shirt so (that) the sleeves don't get creased

Comp
forma de pago method of payment
3. [manifestación] form;

la fotografía es una forma de arte photography is an art form

4. [condición física] fitness;

estar en forma to be fit;

estar en baja/plena forma to be in poor/top shape;

vuelvo a estar en plena forma I'm fully fit again;

mantenerse/ponerse en forma to keep/get fit

Comp
forma física physical fitness;
en perfecta forma física in perfect (physical) shape

5. [de equipo, artista] form;

estar en forma to be on form;

estar en baja/plena forma to be off form/on top form

6.
formas [silueta] figure, curves;

un cuerpo de formas armoniosas a curvaceous body

7.
formas [modales] manners, social conventions;

guardar las formas to keep up appearances

8. [horma, molde] mould

9. Rel host;

la Sagrada Forma the Holy Host

10. Arte & Lit form;

a este escritor le importa más la forma que el contenido this writer is more interested in form than content

11. Ling form;

en forma plural in the plural

12. Méx [formulario] form

* * *

forma

f

1 form

2 ( apariencia) shape;

en forma de in the shape of;

dar forma a algo shape sth

3 ( manera) way;

de forma que in such a way that;

de todas formas in any case, anyway;

de alguna forma, en cierta forma in a way;

de cualquier forma anyway;

de ninguna forma not in the slightest, fam no way;

no hay forma de que coma/estudie nothing will make him eat/study, it’s impossible to get him to eat/study

4

:

formas pl proprieties;

guardar las formas keep up appearances

5

:

estar en forma be fit;

mantenerse en forma stay in shape

6 Méx ( formulario) form

* * *

forma nf

1) : form, shape

2) manera, modo: manner, way

3) : fitness

estar en forma: to be fit, to be in shape

4) formas nfpl

: appearances, conventions

* * *

forma n

1. (contorno) shape

¿qué forma tiene? what shape is it?

tiene forma de corazón it's heart shaped

una tarta suele tener una forma redonda cakes are usually round in shape

2. (manera) way

su forma de trabajar his way of working

de forma distinta in a different way / differently

de todas formas anyway

estar en forma to be fit

mantenerse en forma to keep fit

ponerse en forma to get fit

Spanish-English dictionary > forma
16 इन्द्रः _indrḥ

इन्द्रः [इन्द्-रन्; इन्दतीति इन्द्रः; इदि ऐश्वर्ये Malli.]

1 The lord of gods.

-2 The god of rain, rain; cloud; इन्द्रो वरुणः सोमो रुद्रः । शं न इन्द्रो बृहस्पतिः Tait. Vp.1.1.1. Bṛi. Up.1.4.11.

-3 A lord or ruler (as of men &c.). इन्द्रो- मायाभिः पुरुरूप ईयते Bṛi. Up.2.5.19. first or best (of any class of objects), always as the last member of comp.; नरेन्द्रः a lord of men i. e. a king; so मृगेन्द्रः a lion; गजेन्द्रः the lord or chief of elephants; so योगीन्द्रः, कपीन्द्रः.

-4 A prince, king.

-5 The pupil of the right eye.

-6 N. of the plant कुटज.

-7 Night.

-8 One of the divisions of भारतवर्ष.

-9 N. of the 26th Yoga.

-1 The human or animal soul.

-11 A vegetable poison.

-12 The Yoga star in the 26th Nakṣatra.

-13 Greatness.

-14 The five objects of senses.

-द्रा 1 The wife of Indra, Indrāṇī.

-2 N. of a plant (मरुबक Mar. मरवा) [Indra, the god of the firmament, is the Jupiter Pluvius of the Indian Āryans. In the Vedas he is placed in the first rank among the gods; yet he is not regarded as an uncreated being, being distinctly spoken of in various passages of the Vedas as being born, and as having a father and a mother. He is sometimes represented as having been produced by the gods as a destroyer of enemies, as the son of Ekāṣṭakā, and in Rv.1.9.13 he is said to have sprung from the mouth of Puruṣa. He is of a ruddy or golden colour, and can assume any form at will. He rides in a bright golden chariot drawn by two tawny horses. His most famous weapon is the thunderbolt which he uses with deadly effect in his warfare with the demons of darkness, drought and inclement weather, variously called Ahi, Vṛitra, Śambar, Namu- chi &c. He storms and breaks through their castles, and sends down fertilizing showers of rain to the great delight of his worshippers. He is thus the lord of the atmosphere, the dispenser of rain, and governor of the weather. He is represented as being assisted by the Maruts or storm-gods in his warfare. Besides the thunderbolt he uses arrows, a large hook, and a net. The Soma juice is his most favourite food, and under its exhilarating influence he performs great achieve- ments (cf. Rv.1.119), and pleases his devout worshippers, who are said to invite the god to drink the juice. He is their friend and even their brother; a father, and the most fatherly of fathers; the helper of the poor, and the deliverer and comforter of his ser- vants. He is a wall of defence; his friend is never slain or defeated. He richly rewards his adorers, particularly those who bring him libations of Soma, and he is supplicated for all sorts of temporal blessings as cows, horses, chariots, health, intelligence, pros- perous days, long life, and victory in war. In the Vedas Indra's wife is Indrānī, who is invoked among the goddesses.

*****Such is the Vedic conception of Indra. But in later mythology he falls in the second rank. He is said to be one of the sons of Kaśyapa and Dākṣāyaṇī or Aditi. He is inferior to the triad Brahmā, Viṣṇu and Maheśa (though in some places Viṣṇu is regard- ed as his younger brother, cf. R.14.59,15.4), but he is the chief of all the other gods, and is com- monly styled Sureśa, Devendra &c. As in the Vedas so in later mythology, he is the regent of the atmosphere, and of the east quarter, and his world is called Svarga. He sends the lightning, uses the thunderbolt and sends down rain. He is frequently at war with Asuras, whom he constantly dreads, and by whom he is sometimes defeated. The Indra of mythology is famous for his incontinence and adultery, one prominent instance of which is his seduction of Ahalyā, the wife of Gautama (see Ahalyā), and for which he is often spoken of as Ahalyā-jāra. The curse of the sage im- pressed upon him a 1 marks resembling the female organ, and he was therefore called Sayoni; but these marks were afterwards changed into eyes, and he is hence called Netra-yoni and Sahasrākṣa. In the Rāmāyana Indra is represented as having been defeated and carried off to Laṅkā by Ravaṇa's son called Meghanāda, who for this exploit received the title of 'Indrajit'. It was only at the intercession of Brahmā and the gods that Indra was released, and this humiliation was regarded as a punishment for his seduction of Ahalyā. He is also represented as being in constant dread of sages practising potent penances, and as sending down nymphs to beguile their minds (see Apsaras). In the Purāṇas he is said to have destroyed the offspring of Diti in her womb, and to have cut off the wings of mountains when they grew troublesome. Other stories are also told in which Indra was once worsted by Raja, gran- dson of Purūravas, owing to the curse of Durvāsas, and other accounts show that he and Kṛiṣna were at war with each other for the Pārijāta tree which the latter wanted to remove from Svarga, and which he succeeded in doing in spite of Indra's resistance. His wife is Indrāṇī, the daughter of the demon Pulo- man, and his son is named Jayanta. He is also said to be father of Arjuna. His epithets are numerous; mostly descriptive of his achievements, e. g. वृत्रहन्, बलभिद्, पाकशासन, गोत्रभिद्, पुरंदर, शतक्रतु, जिष्णु, नमुचिसूदन &c. (see Ak.I.1.44.47). The Heaven of Indra is Svarga; its capital, Amarāvatī; his garden, Nandana; his elephant, Airāvata; his horse, Uchchaiśravas; his bow, the rain-bow, and his sword, Paranja.].

-Comp. -अग्निः the fire produced from the contact of clouds; ˚धूमः frost, snow; ˚देवता the 16th lunar mansion.

-अनुजः, -अवरजः an epithet of Viṣṇu and of Nārāyaṇa (उपेन्द्र); तस्थौ भ्रातृसमीपस्थः शक्रस्येन्द्रानुजो यथा Rām.6.91.4.

-अरिः an Asura or demon.

-अवसानः a desert.

-अशनः 1 hemp (dried and chewed).

-2 the shrub which bears the seed used in jeweller's weight, (गुंजावृक्ष).

-आयुधम् Indra's weapon, the rainbow; इन्द्रा- युधद्योतिततोरणाङ्कम् R.7.4,12.79; K.127.

(-ध) 1 N. of the horse in Kādambarī (i. e. Kapiñjala changed into a horse).

-2 a horse marked with black about the eyes.

-3 a diamond. (

-धा) a kind of leech.

-आसनम् 1 the throne of Indra.

-2 a throne in general.

-3 a foot of five short syllables.

-इज्यः N. of बृहस्पति the preceptor of gods.

-ईश्वरः one of the forms of Śiva-liṅga.

-उत्सवः a festival honouring Indra.

- ऋषभ a. having Indra as a bull, or impregnated by Indra, an epithet of the earth. इन्द्रऋषभा द्रविणे नो दधातु Av.12.1.6.

-कर्मन् m. an epithet of Viṣṇu (performing Indra's deeds).

-कान्तः A class of the four-storeyed buildings. (Mānasāra 21.6-68).

-कीलः 1 N. of the mountain मन्दर.

-2 a rock.

(-लम्) 1 the banner of Indra.

-2 A pin, nail, bolt फालका भाजनोर्ध्वे तु तदूर्ध्वे चेन्द्रकीलकम् (Mānasāra 12.126). cf. also Kau. A.2.3.

-कुञ्जरः Indra's elephant, Airāvata.

-कूटः N. of a mountain

-कृष्ट a. 'ploughed by Indra', growing exuberantly or in a wild state. (

-ष्टः) a kind of corn produced by rain-water.

-केतुः Indra's banner.

-कोशः, -षः, -षकः, -ष्ठः 1 a couch, sofa, which is generally made up of covering pieces of perforated wooden planks; cf. अट्टालक- प्रतोलीमध्ये त्रिधानुष्काधिष्ठानं-इन्द्रकोशं कारयेत् Kau. A.2.3.

-2 a platform.

-3 a projection of the roof of a house.

-4 A pin or bracket projecting from the wall (नागदन्त). A projection of the roof of a house forming a kind of balcony; Kau. A.24.

-गिरिः the महेन्द्र mountain.

-गुरुः, -आचार्यः the teacher of Indra; i. e. बृहस्पति.

-गोपः, -गोपकः [इन्द्रो गोपो रक्षको$स्य, वर्षाभवत्वात्तस्य] a kind of insect of red or white colour; Śukra.4.157; K.1.

-चन्दनम् the white sandal wood.

-चापम्, -धनुस् n.

1 a rainbow; विद्युत्वन्तं ललितवनिताः सेन्द्रचापं सचित्राः Me.64; Śi.7.4.

-2 the bow of Indra

-चिर्भटा A mild variety of Colocynth. The leaf is tripartite, rough and wrinkled. (Mar. कंवडळ, applied often as इन्द्रावण in the sense of vile, malignant, dark and hateful.)

-च्छदः A neck- lace of pearls having 18 strings.

-च्छन्दस् n. [इन्द्र इव सहस्रनेत्रेण सहस्रगुच्छेन च्छाद्यते] a necklace consisting of 1 strings.

-जः N. of Vālī.

-जतु n. Bitumen (Mar. शिलाजित).

-जननम् Indra's birth.

-जननीय a. treating of Indra's birth (as a work).

-जा a. Ved. born or arising from Indra. Av.4.3.7.

-जालम् [इन्द्रस्य परमेश्वरस्य जालं मायेव]

1 the net of Indra. तेनाह- मिन्द्रजालेनामूंस्तमसाभि दधामि सर्वान् Av.8.8.8.

-2 a weapon used by Arjuna; a stratagem or trick in war.

-3 deception, cheating.

-4 conjuring, jugglery, magical tricks; इन्द्रजालं च मायां वै कुहका वा$पि भीषणा Mb.5.16.55. स्वप्नेन्द्रजालसदृशः खलु जीवलोकः Śānti.2.2; K.15.

-जालिक a. [इन्द्रजाल-ठन्] deceptive, unreal, delusive. (

-कः) a juggler, conjurer.

-जित् m. 'conqueror of Indra', N. of a son of Rāvaṇa who was killed by Lakṣmaṇa. [Indrajit is another name of Meghanāda a son of Rāvaṇa. When Rāvaṇa warred against Indra in his own heaven, his son Meghanāda was with him, and fought most valiantly. During the combat, Meghanāda, by virtue of the magical power of becoming invisible which he had obtained from Śiva, bound Indra, and bore him off in triumph to Laṅkā. Brahmā and the other gods hurried thither to obtain his release, and gave to Meghanāda the title of Indrajit, 'conqueror of Indra'; but the victor refused to release his prisoners unless he were promised immortality. Brahmā refused to grant this extravagant demand, but he strenuously persisted, and achieved his object. In the Rāmāyaṇa he is repre- sented to have been decapitated by Lakṣmaṇa while he was engaged in a sacrifice]. ˚हन्तृ or विजयिन् m. N. of Lakṣmaṇa.

-ज्येष्ठ a. Ved. led by Indra.

-तापनः the thundering of clouds.

-तूलम्, -तूलकम् a flock of cotton.

-दमनः the son of Bāṇāsura.

-दारुः the tree Pinus Devadāru.

-द्युति Sandal

-द्रुः, -द्रुमः 1 the plant Termi- nalia Arjuna (अर्जुन).

-2 The plant कुटज.

-द्वीपः, -पम् one of the 9 Dvīpas or Divisions of the continent (of India).

-धनुः N. of Indra's bow, the rainbow; स एकव्रा- त्यो$भवत्स धनुरादत्त तदेवेन्द्रधनुः Av.15.1.6.

-ध्वजः 1 a flag raised on the 12th day of the bright half of Bhādra.

-2 Indra's weapon; विस्रस्ताकल्पकेशस्रगिन्द्रध्वज इवापतत् Bhāg.1.44.22.

-नक्षत्रम् Indra's lunar mansion फल्गुनी.

-नेत्रम् 1 the eye of Indra.

-2 the number one thousand.

-नीलः [इन्द्र इव नीलः श्यामः] a sapphire; परीक्षाप्रत्ययैर्यैश्च पद्मरागः परीक्ष्यते । त एव प्रत्यया दृष्टा इन्द्रनीलमणेरपि ॥ Garuḍa. P.; R.13.54;16.69; Me.48,79.

-नीलकः an emerald.

-पत्नी 1 Indra's wife, शची.

-पर्णी, -पुष्पा N. of a medicinal plant (Mar. कळलावी).

-पर्वतः 1 the महेन्द्र mountain.

-2 a blue mountain.

-पुत्रा N. of अदिति.

-पुरोगम, -पुरःसर, -श्रेष्ठ a. led or preceded by Indra, having Indra at the head.

-पुरोहितः N. of बृहस्पति. (

-ता) the asterism Puṣya.

-प्रमतिः N. of the pupil of Paila and the author of some ṛiks of the Rv.

-प्रस्थम् N. of a city on the Yamunā, the residence of the Paṇḍavas (identified with the modern Delhi); इन्द्रप्रस्थगमस्तावत्कारि मा सन्तु चेदयः Śi.2.63.

-प्रहरणम् Indra's weapon, the thunderbolt.

-भगिनी N. of Pārvatī.

-भेषजम् dried ginger.

-मखः a sacrifice in honour of Indra.

-महः 1 a festival in honour of Indra.

-2 the rainy season; ˚कामुकः a dog.

-मादन a. animating or delighting Indra; ये वायव इन्द्रमादनासः Rv.7.92.4.

-मेदिन् a. Ved. whose friend or ally is Indra; इन्द्रमेदी सत्वनो नि ह्वयस्व Av.5.2-.8.

-यज्ञः (See इन्द्रमह and इन्द्रमख) श्वो$स्माकं घोषस्योचित इन्द्रयज्ञो नामोत्सवः भविष्यति Bālacharita I.

-यवः, -वम् seed of the Kutaja tree.

-लुप्तः, -प्तम्, -लुप्तकम् 1 excessive bald- ness of the head.

-2 loss of beard.

-लोकः Indra's world, Svarga or Paradise.

-लोकेशः 1 lord of Indra's world, i. e. Indra.

-2 a guest (who, if hospitably received, confers paradise on his host).

-वंशा, -वज्रा N. of two metres, see Appendix.

-वल्लरी, -वल्ली N. of a plant (पारिजात) or of इन्द्रवारुणी.

-वस्तिः [इन्द्रस्य आत्मनः वस्तिरिव] the calf (of the leg).

-वाततम a. Ved. desired by Indra. अस्मे ऊतीरिन्द्रवाततमाः Rv.1.6.6.

-वानकम् A variety of diamonds. Kau. A.2.11.

-वायू (du.) Indra and Vāyu. इन्द्रवायू उभाविह सुहवेह हवामहे Av.3.2.6.

-वारुणी, -वारुणिका Colocynth, a wild bitter gourd cucumis colocynthis. (Mar. मोठी कंवडळ) किमिन्द्रवारुणी राम सितया कटुकीयते Laghu Yoga- vāsiṣṭha-sāra X. सौवर्चलं हरिद्रा च पिप्पली चेन्द्रवारुणिः । मूत्र- कृच्छ्रे प्रशंसन्ति पिण्डो$यं वाजिनां हितः ॥ शालिहोत्र of भोज 33.

-वाह् a. carrying Indra.

-वृक्षः the Devadāru tree.

-वृद्धा a kind of abscess.

-वैडूर्यम् a kind of precious stone.

-व्रतम् Indra's rule of conduct; one of the duties of a king (who is said to follow इन्द्रव्रत when he distri- butes benefits as Indra pours down rain); वार्षिकांश्चतुरो मासान् यथेन्द्रो$प्यभिवर्षति । तथाभिवर्षेत्स्वं राष्ट्रं कामैरिन्द्रव्रतं चरन् ॥ Ms.9.34.

-शक्तिः f. Indrāṇī, the wife of Indra, or his energy personified.

-शत्रुः 1 an enemy or destroyer of Indra (when the accent is on the last syllable), an epithet of प्रह्लाद; इन्द्रशत्रो विवर्धस्व मा चिरं जहि विद्विषम् Bhāg.6.9.12. बलिप्रदिष्टां श्रियमाददानं त्रैविक्रमं पादमिवेन्द्रशत्रुः R.7.35.

-2 [इन्द्रः शत्रुः यस्य] one whose enemy is Indra, an epithet of वृत्र (when the accent is on the first syllable). (This refers to a legend in the Śat. Br., where it is said that Vṛitra's father intended his son to become the destroyer of Indra, and asked him to say इन्द्रशत्रुर्वधस्व &c. but who, through mistake, accented the word on the first syllable, and was killed by Indra; cf. Śik.52; मन्त्रो हीनः स्वरतो वर्णतो वा मिथ्याप्रयुक्तो न तमर्थमाह । स वाग्वज्रो यजमानं हिनस्ति यथेन्द्रशत्रुः स्वरतो$पराधात् ॥

-शलभः a kind of insect (इन्द्रगोप).

-संजयम् N. of a sāman. Arṣeya Br.

-संधा connection or alliance with Indra. तयाहमिन्द्रसंधया सर्वान् देवानिह हुव Av.11.1.9.

-सारथिः 1 N. of Mātali.

-2 an epi- thet of Vāyu, driving in the same carriage with Indra; Rv.4.46.2.

-सावर्णिः N. of the fourteenth Manu.

-सुतः, -सूनुः 1 N. of (a) Jayanta; (b) Arjuna; (c) Vāli, the king of monkeys.

-2 N. of the अर्जुन tree.

-सुरसः, -सुरा a shrub the leaves of which are used in discutient applications (निर्गुंडी).

-सेनः N. of several men; of Bali; of a mountain; Bhāg.8.2.23.

-सेना 1 Indra's missile or host.

-2 Indra's army; Rv.1.12.2.

-सेनानीः the leader of Indra's armies, epithet of Kārtikeya.

-स्तुत् m.

-स्तोमः 1 praise of Indra; N. of a particular hymn addressed to Indra in certain ceremonies.

-2 a sacrifice in honour of Indra.

-हवः invocation of Indra; भद्रान् कृण्वन्निन्द्रहवान्त्सखिभ्य Rv.9.96.1.

-हस्तः a kind of medicament.

Sanskrit-English dictionary > इन्द्रः _indrḥ
17 set

set [set]

jeu ⇒ 1 (a) série ⇒ 1 (a) ensemble ⇒ 1 (a), 1 (c) cercle ⇒ 1 (b) appareil ⇒ 1 (d) poste ⇒ 1 (d) set ⇒ 1 (e) fixe ⇒ 2 (a) arrêté ⇒ 2 (b) figé ⇒ 2 (b) résolu ⇒ 2 (c) prêt ⇒ 2 (d) mettre ⇒ 3 (a), 3 (c), 3 (d) poser ⇒ 3 (a), 3 (c), 3 (e), 3 (i) situer ⇒ 3 (b) régler ⇒ 3 (c) fixer ⇒ 3 (f), 3 (i) établir ⇒ 3 (f) faire prendre ⇒ 3 (h) se coucher ⇒ 4 (a) prendre ⇒ 4 (b)

(pt & pp set, cont setting)

1 noun

(a) (of tools, keys, golf clubs, sails) jeu m; (of numbers, names, instructions, stamps, weights) série f; (of books) collection f; (of furniture) ensemble m; (of cutlery, dishes, glasses) service m; (of lingerie) parure f; (of wheels) train m; (of facts, conditions, characteristics, data) ensemble m; (of events, decisions, questions) série f, suite f; Typography (of proofs, characters) jeu m; Computing (of characters, instructions) jeu m, ensemble m;

∎ a set of matching luggage un ensemble de valises assorties;

∎ a set of table/bed linen une parure de table/de lit;

∎ a set of sheets une parure de lit;

∎ badminton/chess set jeu m de badminton/d'échecs;

∎ they're playing with Damian's train set ils jouent avec le train électrique de Damian;

∎ the cups/the chairs are sold in sets of six les tasses/les chaises sont vendues par six;

∎ I can't break up the set je ne peux pas les dépareiller;

∎ they make a set ils vont ensemble;

∎ to collect the (whole) set rassembler toute la collection, faire la collection;

∎ he made me a duplicate set (of keys) il m'a fait un double des clés; (of contact lenses) il m'en a fait une autre paire;

∎ a full set of the encyclopedia une encyclopédie complète;

∎ a full set of Tolstoy's works les œuvres complètes de Tolstoï;

∎ they've detected two sets of fingerprints ils ont relevé deux séries d'empreintes digitales ou les empreintes digitales de deux personnes;

∎ given another set of circumstances, things might have turned out differently dans d'autres circonstances, les choses auraient pu se passer différemment;

∎ the first set of reforms la première série ou le premier train de réformes;

∎ they ran a whole set of tests on me ils m'ont fait subir toute une série d'examens

(b) (social group) cercle m, milieu m;

∎ he's not in our set il n'appartient pas à notre cercle;

∎ we don't go around in the same set nous ne fréquentons pas le même milieu ou monde;

∎ the riding/yachting set le monde ou milieu de l'équitation/du yachting;

∎ the literary set les milieux mpl littéraires;

∎ the Markham set Markham et ses amis

(c) Mathematics ensemble m

(d) (electrical device) appareil m; (radio, TV) poste m;

∎ a colour TV set un poste de télévision ou un téléviseur couleur

(e) Sport set m, manche f;

∎ first set to Miss Williams set Williams

(f) Cinema & Television plateau m; Theatre (stage) scène f; (scenery) décor m;

∎ on (the) set Cinema & Television sur le plateau; Theatre sur scène

(g) (part of performance → by singer, group)

∎ he'll be playing two sets tonight il va jouer à deux reprises ce soir;

∎ her second set was livelier la deuxième partie de son spectacle a été plus animée

(h) British School groupe m de niveau

(i) (for hair) mise f en plis;

∎ to have a set se faire faire une mise en plis

(j) (posture → of shoulders, body) position f, attitude f; (→ of head) port m;

∎ I could tell he was angry by the set of his jaw rien qu'à la façon dont il serrait les mâchoires, j'ai compris qu'il était en colère

(k) (direction → of wind, current) direction f;

∎ suddenly the set of the wind changed le vent a tourné soudainement

(l) Psychology (tendency) tendance f

(m) Horticulture (seedling) semis m; (cutting) bouture f;

∎ tomato/tulip sets tomates fpl/tulipes fpl à repiquer

(n) (clutch of eggs) couvée f

(o) Hunting (of hound) arrêt m

(p) Building industry (paving stone) pavé m

(q) (of badger) terrier m

2 adjective

(a) (specified, prescribed → rule, price, quantity, sum, wage) fixe;

∎ meals are at set times les repas sont servis à heures fixes;

∎ there are no set rules for raising children il n'y a pas de règles toutes faites pour l'éducation des enfants;

∎ the tasks must be done in the set order les tâches doivent être accomplies dans l'ordre prescrit;

∎ with no set purpose sans but précis

(b) (fixed, rigid → ideas, views) arrêté; (→ smile, frown) figé;

∎ her day followed a set routine sa journée se déroulait selon un rituel immuable;

∎ he has a set way of doing it il a sa méthode pour le faire;

∎ to be set in one's ways avoir ses (petites) habitudes;

∎ to become set in one's views devenir rigide dans ses opinions

(c) (intent, resolute) résolu, déterminé;

∎ to be set on or upon sth vouloir qch à tout prix;

∎ I'm (dead) set on finishing it tonight je suis (absolument) déterminé à le finir ce soir;

∎ he's dead set against it il s'y oppose formellement

(d) (ready, in position) prêt;

∎ are you (all) set to go? êtes-vous prêt à partir?

(e) (likely) probablement;

∎ he seems well set to win il semble être sur la bonne voie ou être bien parti pour gagner;

∎ house prices are set to rise steeply les prix de l'immobilier vont vraisemblablement monter en flèche

(f) British School (book, subject) au programme;

∎ one of our set books is 'Oliver Twist' un des ouvrages au programme est 'Oliver Twist'

3 transitive verb

(a) (put in specified place or position) mettre, poser;

∎ he set his cases down on the platform il posa ses valises sur le quai;

∎ to set sth before sb (dish, glass) placer qch devant qn; (proposal, plan) présenter qch à qn;

∎ she set the steaming bowl before him elle plaça le bol fumant devant lui;

∎ to set a proposal before the board présenter un projet au conseil d'administration;

∎ to set sb on his/her feet again remettre qn sur pied;

∎ to set a match to sth mettre le feu à qch;

∎ to set sb ashore débarquer qn

(b) (usu passive) (locate, situate → building, story) situer;

∎ the house is set in large grounds la maison est située dans un grand parc;

∎ his eyes are set too close together ses yeux sont trop rapprochés;

∎ the story is set in Tokyo l'histoire se passe ou se déroule à Tokyo;

∎ her novels are set in the 18th century ses romans se passent au XVIIIème siècle

(c) (adjust → clock, mechanism) régler; (→ alarm) mettre; Computing (→ tabs, format) poser;

∎ I set my watch to New York time j'ai réglé ma montre à l'heure de New York;

∎ set your watches an hour ahead avancez vos montres d'une heure;

∎ he's so punctual you can set your watch by him! il est si ponctuel qu'on peut régler sa montre sur lui!;

∎ I've set the alarm for six j'ai mis le réveil à (sonner pour) six heures;

∎ how do I set the margins? comment est-ce que je fais pour placer les marges?;

∎ set the timer for one hour mettez le minuteur sur une heure;

∎ first set the control knob to the desired temperature mettez tout d'abord le bouton de réglage sur la température voulue;

∎ the lever was set in the off position le levier était sur "arrêt"

(d) (fix into position) mettre, fixer; (jewel, diamond) sertir, monter;

∎ the handles are set into the drawers les poignées sont encastrées dans les tiroirs;

∎ there was a peephole set in the door il y avait un judas dans la porte;

∎ to set a stake in the ground enfoncer ou planter un pieu dans la terre;

∎ metal bars had been set in the concrete des barres en métal avaient été fixées dans le béton;

∎ the brooch was set with pearls la broche était sertie de perles;

∎ the ruby was set in a simple ring le rubis était monté sur un simple anneau;

∎ Medicine to set a bone réduire une fracture;

∎ figurative his face was set in a frown son visage était figé dans une grimace renfrognée;

∎ she set her jaw and refused to budge elle serra les dents et refusa de bouger;

∎ we had set ourselves to resist nous étions déterminés à résister

(e) (lay, prepare in advance → trap) poser, tendre;

∎ to set the table mettre le couvert ou la table;

∎ to set the table for two mettre deux couverts;

∎ set an extra place at table rajoutez un couvert

(f) (establish → date, price, schedule, terms) fixer, déterminer; (→ rule, guideline, objective, target) établir; (→ mood, precedent) créer;

∎ they still haven't set a date for the party ils n'ont toujours pas fixé de date pour la réception;

∎ you've set yourself a tough deadline or a tough deadline for yourself vous vous êtes fixé un délai très court;

∎ it's up to them to set their own production targets c'est à eux d'établir ou de fixer leurs propres objectifs de production;

∎ a deficit ceiling has been set un plafonnement du déficit a été imposé ou fixé ou décidé;

∎ to set a value on sth décider de la valeur de qch;

∎ figurative they set a high value on creativity ils accordent une grande valeur à la créativité;

∎ the price was set at £500 le prix a été fixé à 500 livres;

∎ the judge set bail at $1,000 le juge a fixé la caution à 1000 dollars;

∎ how are exchange rates set? comment les taux de change sont-ils déterminés?;

∎ to set an age limit at… fixer une limite d'âge à…;

∎ to set a new fashion or trend lancer une nouvelle mode;

∎ to set a new world record établir un nouveau record mondial;

∎ to set the tone for or of sth donner le ton de qch

(g) (indicating change of state or activity)

∎ to set sth alight or on fire mettre le feu à qch;

∎ it sets my nerves on edge ça me crispe;

∎ also figurative she set me in the right direction elle m'a mis sur la bonne voie;

∎ to set sb against sb monter qn contre qn;

∎ he/the incident set the taxman on my trail il/l'incident a mis le fisc sur ma piste;

∎ to set the dogs on sb lâcher les chiens sur qn;

∎ the incident set the family against him l'incident a monté la famille contre lui;

∎ it will set the country on the road to economic recovery cela va mettre le pays sur la voie de la reprise économique;

∎ his failure set him thinking son échec lui a donné à réfléchir;

∎ the scandal will set the whole town talking le scandale va faire jaser toute la ville;

∎ to set the dog barking faire aboyer le chien;

∎ the wind set the leaves dancing le vent a fait frissonner les feuilles;

∎ to set a machine going mettre une machine en marche

(h) (solidify → yoghurt, jelly, concrete) faire prendre;

∎ pectin will help to set the jam la pectine aidera à épaissir la confiture

(i) (pose → problem) poser; (assign → task) fixer;

∎ the strikers' demands set the management a difficult problem les exigences des grévistes posent un problème difficile à la direction;

∎ I set them to work tidying the garden je les ai mis au désherbage du jardin;

∎ I've set myself the task of writing to them regularly je me suis fixé la tâche de leur écrire régulièrement

(j) British School (exam) composer, choisir les questions de; (books, texts) mettre au programme;

∎ she set the class a maths exercise, she set a maths exercise for the class elle a donné un exercice de maths à la classe;

∎ who sets the test questions? qui choisit les questions de l'épreuve?

(k) (hair)

∎ to set sb's hair faire une mise en plis à qn;

∎ and I've just had my hair set! et je viens de me faire faire une mise en plis!;

∎ I set my own hair je me fais moi-même mes mises en plis

(l) Horticulture (plant) planter

(m) Typography (text, page) composer;

∎ to set type composer

(n) Music (poem, words)

∎ to set sth to music mettre qch en musique

4 intransitive verb

(a) (sun, moon, stars) se coucher;

∎ we saw the sun setting nous avons vu le coucher du soleil

(b) (become firm → glue, cement, plaster, jelly, yoghurt) prendre;

∎ her features had set in an expression of determination ses traits s'étaient durcis en une expression de très forte détermination

(c) (bone) se ressouder

(d) (start) se mettre;

∎ he set to work il s'est mis au travail

(e) (plant, tree) prendre racine

(f) (hen) couver

(g) (wind, tide)

∎ the wind looks set fair to the east on dirait un vent d'ouest

(h) Hunting (hound) tomber en arrêt

►► Theatre, Cinema & Television set designer décorateur(trice) m,f;

Grammar set expression expression f figée;

set figures (in skating) figures fpl imposées;

set meal, set menu meal menu m;

Grammar set phrase expression f figée;

set piece

(a) Art, Literature & Music morceau m de bravoure

(b) (fireworks) pièce f (de feu) d'artifice

(c) (of scenery) élément m de décor

(d) Sport combinaison f préparée ou calculée;

Sport set point (in tennis) balle f de set;

Technology set screw vis f de réglage;

Sport set scrum (in rugby) mêlée f fermée;

set square équerre f (à dessiner);

set task tâche f assignée;

∎ to give sb a set task to do assigner à qn une tâche bien précise;

Mathematics set theory théorie f des ensembles

➲ set about inseparable transitive verb

(a) (start → task) se mettre à;

∎ she set about changing the tyre elle s'est mise à changer le pneu;

∎ I didn't know how to set about it je ne savais pas comment m'y prendre;

∎ how does one set about getting a visa? comment fait-on pour obtenir un visa?

(b) (attack) attaquer, s'en prendre à;

∎ he set about the mugger with his umbrella il s'en est pris à son agresseur à coups de parapluie

➲ set against separable transitive verb

(a) (compare)

∎ to set sth against sth comparer qch à qch;

∎ to set the benefits against the costs évaluer les bénéfices par rapport aux coûts;

∎ we must set the government's promises against its achievements nous devons examiner les promesses du gouvernement à la lumière de ses actions

(b) Finance (offset)

∎ some of these expenses can be set against tax certaines de ces dépenses peuvent être déduites des impôts

(c) (friends, family) monter contre;

∎ religious differences have set family against family les différences religieuses ont monté les familles les unes contre les autres;

∎ to set oneself or one's face against sth s'opposer résolument à qch

➲ set ahead separable transitive verb

American

∎ to set the clock ahead avancer l'horloge;

∎ we're setting the clocks ahead tonight on change d'heure cette nuit

➲ set apart separable transitive verb

(a) (place separately → object) mettre à part ou de côté;

∎ there was one deck chair set slightly apart from the others il y avait une chaise longue un peu à l'écart des autres;

∎ they set themselves apart ils faisaient bande à part

(b) (distinguish) distinguer ( from de);

∎ her talent sets her apart from the other students son talent la distingue des autres étudiants

➲ set aside separable transitive verb

(a) (put down → knitting, book) poser;

∎ could you set aside what you're working on for a while? pouvez-vous laisser ce que vous êtes en train de faire un moment?

(b) (reserve, keep → time, place) réserver; (→ money) mettre de côté; (→ arable land) mettre en friche;

∎ I've set tomorrow aside for house hunting j'ai réservé la journée de demain pour chercher une maison;

∎ the room is set aside for meetings la pièce est réservée aux réunions;

∎ can you set the book aside for me? pourriez-vous me mettre ce livre de côté?;

∎ chop the onions and set them aside coupez les oignons et réservez-les

(c) (overlook, disregard) mettre de côté, oublier, passer sur;

∎ they set their differences aside in order to work together ils ont mis de côté leurs différences pour travailler ensemble

(d) (reject → dogma, proposal, offer) rejeter

(e) Law (annul → contract, will) annuler; (→ verdict, judgment) casser

➲ set back separable transitive verb

(a) (situate towards the rear)

∎ the building is set back slightly from the road l'immeuble est un peu en retrait par rapport à la route

(b) (delay → plans, progress) retarder;

∎ his illness set him back a month in his work sa maladie l'a retardé d'un mois dans son travail;

∎ the news may set him or his recovery back la nouvelle risque de retarder sa guérison;

∎ this decision will set the economy back ten years cette décision va faire revenir l'économie dix ans en arrière

(c) familiar (cost) coûter à^□ ;

∎ the trip will set her back a bit le voyage va lui coûter cher

➲ set down separable transitive verb

(a) (tray, bag etc) poser

(b) British (passenger) déposer;

∎ the bus sets you down in front of the station le bus vous dépose devant la gare

(c) (note, record) noter, inscrire;

∎ try and set your thoughts down on paper essayez de mettre vos pensées par écrit

(d) (establish → rule, condition) établir, fixer;

∎ the government has set down a margin for pay increases le gouvernement a fixé une fourchette pour les augmentations de salaire;

∎ permissible levels of pollution are set down in the regulations les taux de pollution tolérés sont fixés dans les réglementations;

∎ to set sth down in writing coucher qch par écrit;

∎ it is clearly set down that drivers must be insured il est clairement signalé ou indiqué que tout conducteur doit être assuré

➲ set forth

1 inseparable transitive verb

formal (expound → plan, objections) exposer, présenter;

∎ the recommendations are set forth in the last chapter les recommandations sont détaillées ou énumérées dans le dernier chapitre

2 intransitive verb

literary partir, se mettre en route

➲ set in

1 intransitive verb

(problems) survenir, surgir; (disease) se déclarer; (winter) commencer; (night) tomber;

∎ if infection sets in si la plaie s'infecte;

∎ the bad weather has set in for the winter le mauvais temps s'est installé pour tout l'hiver;

∎ panic set in (began) la panique éclata; (lasted) la panique s'installa

2 separable transitive verb

Sewing (sleeve) monter

➲ set off

1 separable transitive verb

(a) (alarm) déclencher; (bomb) faire exploser; (fireworks) faire partir

(b) (reaction, process, war) déclencher, provoquer;

∎ their offer set off another round of talks leur proposition a déclenché une autre série de négociations;

∎ it set her off on a long tirade against bureaucracy cela eut pour effet de la lancer dans une longue tirade contre la bureaucratie;

∎ to set sb off laughing faire rire qn;

∎ this answer set them off (laughing) cette réponse a déclenché les rires;

∎ one look at his face set me off again en le voyant, mon fou rire a repris de plus belle;

∎ if you say anything it'll only set him off (crying) again si tu dis quoi que ce soit, il va se remettre à pleurer;

∎ the smallest amount of pollen will set her off la moindre dose de pollen lui déclenche une réaction allergique;

∎ don't mention Maradona or you'll set him off again surtout ne prononce pas le nom de Maradona sinon il va recommencer;

∎ someone mentioned the war and of course that set Uncle Arthur off quelqu'un prononça le mot guerre, et évidemment, oncle Arthur embraya aussitôt sur le sujet;

∎ figurative to set sb off on the wrong track mettre qn sur une fausse piste

(c) (enhance) mettre en valeur;

∎ the vase sets off the flowers beautifully le vase met vraiment les fleurs en valeur

(d) Finance (offset)

∎ some of these expenses can be set off against tax certaines de ces dépenses peuvent être déduites des impôts

2 intransitive verb

partir, se mettre en route;

∎ he set off at a run il est parti en courant;

∎ I set off to explore the town je suis parti explorer la ville;

∎ after lunch, we set off again après le déjeuner, nous avons repris la route

➲ set on

1 inseparable transitive verb

(attack) attaquer, s'en prendre à

2 separable transitive verb

(a) (cause to follow)

∎ to set the police on the tracks of a thief mettre la police aux trousses d'un voleur;

∎ to set sb on his/her way mettre qn sur les rails

(b) (cause to attack)

∎ to set a dog on sb lâcher un chien sur qn

➲ set out

1 separable transitive verb

(a) (arrange → chairs, game pieces) disposer; (→ merchandise) étaler;

∎ the shopping centre is very well set out le centre commercial est très bien conçu

(b) (present → ideas) exposer, présenter;

∎ the information is set out in the table below ces données sont présentées dans le tableau ci-dessous

2 intransitive verb

(a) (leave) se mettre en route, partir;

∎ just as he was setting out au moment de son départ;

∎ to set out for school partir pour l'école;

∎ to set out again repartir;

∎ to set out in pursuit/in search of sb se mettre à la poursuite/à la recherche de qn

(b) (undertake course of action) entreprendre;

∎ he has trouble finishing what he sets out to do il a du mal à terminer ce qu'il entreprend;

∎ I can't remember now what I set out to do je ne me souviens plus de ce que je voulais faire à l'origine;

∎ they all set out with the intention of changing the world au début, ils veulent tous changer le monde;

∎ she didn't deliberately set out to annoy you il n'était pas dans ses intentions de vous froisser;

∎ his theory sets out to prove that… sa théorie a pour objet de prouver que…

➲ set to intransitive verb

(a) (begin work) commencer, s'y mettre;

∎ we set to with a will nous nous y sommes mis avec ardeur

(b) familiar (two people → start arguing) avoir une prise de bec; (→ start fighting) en venir aux mains

➲ set up

1 separable transitive verb

(a) (install → equipment, computer) installer; (→ roadblock) installer, disposer; (→ experiment) préparer;

∎ everything's set up for the show tout est préparé ou prêt pour le spectacle;

∎ set the chairs up in a circle mettez ou disposez les chaises en cercle;

∎ he set the chessboard up il a disposé les pièces sur l'échiquier;

∎ the equation sets up a relation between the two variables l'équation établit un rapport entre les deux variables;

∎ the system wasn't set up to handle so many users le système n'était pas conçu pour gérer autant d'usagers;

∎ he set the situation up so she couldn't refuse il a arrangé la situation de telle manière qu'elle ne pouvait pas refuser

(b) (erect, build → tent, furniture kit, crane, flagpole) monter; (→ shed, shelter) construire; (→ monument, statue) ériger;

∎ to set up camp installer ou dresser le camp

(c) (start up, institute → business, scholarship) créer; (→ hospital, school) fonder; (→ committee, task force) constituer; (→ system of government, republic) instaurer; (→ programme, review process, system) mettre en place; (→ inquiry) ouvrir; (→ dinner, meeting, appointment) organiser;

∎ to set up house or home s'installer;

∎ they set up house together ils se sont mis en ménage;

∎ to set up a dialogue entamer le dialogue;

∎ you'll be in charge of setting up training programmes vous serez responsable de la mise en place des programmes de formation;

∎ the medical system set up after the war le système médical mis en place après la guerre

(d) (financially, in business → person) installer, établir;

∎ he set his son up in a dry-cleaning business il a acheté à son fils une entreprise de nettoyage à sec;

∎ she could finally set herself up as an accountant elle pourrait enfin s'installer comme comptable;

∎ the money would set him up for life l'argent le mettrait à l'abri du besoin pour le restant de ses jours;

∎ the army set him up as a dictator l'armée l'installa comme dictateur

(e) (provide)

∎ we're well set up with supplies nous sommes bien approvisionnés;

∎ she can set you up with a guide/the necessary papers elle peut vous procurer un guide/les papiers qu'il vous faut;

∎ I can set you up with a girlfriend of mine je peux te présenter à ou te faire rencontrer une de mes copines

(f) (restore energy to) remonter, remettre sur pied;

∎ have a brandy, that'll set you up prends un cognac, ça va te remonter

(g) familiar (frame) monter un coup contre;

∎ she claims she was set up elle prétend qu'elle est victime d'un coup monté;

∎ he was set up as the fall guy on a fait de lui le bouc émissaire^□, il a joué le rôle de bouc émissaire^□

(h) Typography (text) composer

2 intransitive verb

s'installer, s'établir;

∎ he's setting up in the fast-food business il se lance dans la restauration rapide;

∎ to set up on one's own (business) s'installer à son compte; (home) prendre son propre appartement

➲ set upon inseparable transitive verb

(physically or verbally) attaquer, s'en prendre à

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > set
18 en

en [ɑ̃]

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1. preposition

2. pronoun

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► Lorsque en fait partie d'une locution comme en retard, en tout, reportez-vous à l'autre mot.

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1. <

   a. (lieu: situation) in

• vivre en France/Normandie to live in France/Normandy

• il habite en banlieue/ville he lives in the suburbs/the town

• être en ville to be in town

• il voyage en Grèce/Corse he's travelling around Greece/Corsica

   b. (lieu: mouvement) to

• aller or partir en Angleterre/Normandie to go to England/Normandy

• aller en ville to go (in)to town

   c. (temps) in

• en été in summer

• en mars 1999 in March 1999

• en soirée in the evenings

• il peut le faire en trois jours he can do it in three days

• en semaine during the week

   d. (moyen de transport) by

• en taxi by taxi

• en train by train

• en avion by plane

• ils y sont allés en voiture they went by car

• faire une promenade en bateau to go for a trip in a boat

• ils sont arrivés en voiture they arrived in a car

• aller à Londres en avion to fly to London

   e. ( = chez) ce que j'aime en lui, c'est son courage what I like about him is his courage

• on voit en lui un futur champion du monde they see him as a future world champion

   f. ( = habillé de) in

• être en blanc to be dressed in white

• la femme en manteau de fourrure the woman in the fur coat

• être en chaussettes to be in one's stockinged feet

• il était en pyjama he was in his pyjamas

   g. (description, composition) in

• en cercle in a circle

• une pièce en trois actes a play in three acts

• ça se vend en boîtes de douze they are sold in boxes of twelve

• c'est écrit en anglais it's written in English

• nous avons le même article en vert we have the same item in green

• le plat est en argent the dish is made of silver

• l'escalier sera en marbre the staircase will be made of marble

• c'est en quoi ? (inf) what's it made of?

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► En anglais, un nom en apposition remplace souvent l'adjectif pour décrire la matière dont quelque chose est fait.

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• une bague en or a gold ring

• une jupe en soie a silk skirt

► en + comparatif

• c'est son frère en mieux he's like his brother, only better

• je veux la même valise en plus grand I want the same suitcase only bigger

   h. ( = comme un) agir en tyran to act like a tyrant

• en bon politicien, il... being the skilled politician he is, he...

• je le lui ai donné en souvenir I gave it to him as a souvenir

   i. ( = dans le domaine de) en politique in politics

• ce que je préfère en musique, c'est... what I like best in the way of music is...

• être bon en géographie to be good at geography

• être nul en maths to be hopeless at maths

• diplôme en droit/histoire law/history degree

   j. (mesure) in

• compter en euros to calculate in euros

   k. ► en + participe présent

• parler en mangeant to talk while eating

• il s'est coupé en essayant d'ouvrir une boîte he cut himself trying to open a tin

• j'ai écrit une lettre en vous attendant I wrote a letter while I was waiting for you

• fermez la porte en sortant shut the door when you go out

• elle est arrivée en chantant she was singing when she arrived

• il m'a regardé en fronçant les sourcils he looked at me with a frown

• « non » dit-il en haussant les épaules "no", he said with a shrug

• endormir un enfant en le berçant to rock a child to sleep

• monter en courant to run up

• entrer en courant to run in

• il a fait une folie en achetant cette bague it was very extravagant of him to buy this ring

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► Lorsque en exprime une cause, il est traduit par by.

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• en disant cela, il s'est fait des ennemis he made enemies by saying that

2. <

   a. (lieu) quand va-t-il à Nice ? -- il en revient when is he off to Nice? -- he's just come back

   b. (cause) je suis si inquiet que je n'en dors pas I am so worried that I can't sleep

• nous en avons beaucoup ri we had a good laugh about it

• en mourir to die of it

   c. (quantitatif) of it

• voulez-vous des pommes ? il y en a encore would you like some apples? there are still some left

• le vin est bon mais il n'y en a pas beaucoup the wine is good but there isn't much of it

• si j'en avais if I had any

• il n'y en a plus (NonC) there isn't any left ; (pluriel) there aren't any left

   d. (objet) rendez-moi mon stylo, j'en ai besoin give me back my pen - I need it

• qu'est-ce que tu en feras ? what will you do with it (or them)?

• il s'en souviendra de cette réception he'll certainly remember that party

• tu en as eu de beaux jouets à Noël ! what lovely toys you got for Christmas!

• c'est une bonne classe, les professeurs en sont contents they are a good class and the teachers are pleased with them

• je t'en donne 100 € I'll give you 100 euros for it

• il en aime une autre he loves somebody else

   e. ► en être

• en être à la page 19 to be on page 19

• où en est-il dans ses études ? how far has he got with his studies?

• il en est à sa troisième année de médecine he is in his third year in medicine

• l'affaire en est là that's how the matter stands

• elle, mentir ? elle en est incapable she couldn't lie if she tried

• je ne sais plus où j'en suis I'm completely lost

• où en sommes-nous ? (livre, leçon) where have we got to? ; (situation) where do we stand?

• j'en suis à me demander si j'ai bien fait I'm beginning to wonder if I did the right thing

* * *
œɛn
nom féminin

1) abbr école

2) abbr éducation

* * *

abr nf Éducation nationale

See:

éducation

* * *

en ⇒ Note d'usage

A prép

1 ( lieu) ( où l'on est) in; ( où l'on va) to; ( mouvement vers l'intérieur) into; vivre en France/province/ville to live in France/the provinces/town; voyager en Chine to travel in China; aller en Allemagne to go to Germany; monter en voiture to get into a car; aller en ville to go into town; le train va entrer en gare the train is about to enter the station; se promener en ville to stroll around town;

2 ( temps) ( époque) in; ( moment déterminé) in; ( en l'espace de) in; en hiver/1991 in winter/1991; je prendrai mes vacances en septembre I'm taking my vacation in September; il a fait ce travail en dix jours he completed the work in ten days; en semaine, il mange à la cantine during the week he eats in the canteen;

3 ( moyens de transport) by; voyager en train/avion/voiture/bateau to travel by train ou rail/plane ou air/car/boat; je suis venu en taxi I came by taxi; aller à Marseille en avion/voiture to fly/to drive to Marseilles; nous avons fait un tour en barque we went out in a rowing-boat; descendre la rivière en aviron to row down the river;

4 (manière, état) elle était tout en vert/blanc she was all in green/white; il est toujours en manteau/cravate he always wears a coat/tie; un ouvrage en vers/français/trois volumes a work in verse/French/three volumes; elle était très en forme/beauté she was looking very fit/beautiful;

5 ( comme) ( en qualité de) as; ( de la même manière que) like; je vous parle en ami/connaisseur I'm speaking (to you) as a friend/connoisseur; j'ai eu ce livre en cadeau/récompense/souvenir I was given this book as a present/prize/souvenir; il nous considèrent en ennemis they see us as enemies; il me traite en ennemie he treats me like an enemy; agir en traître/dictateur to act like a traitor/dictator, to act in a treacherous/dictatorial way;

6 ( transformation) into; ils se séparèrent en plusieurs groupes they broke up into several groups; traduire en anglais to translate into English; changer des euros en dollars to change euros into dollars;

7 ( matière) made of; c'est en quoi? what is it made of?; c'est en or/plastique it's (made of) gold/plastic; c'est en bois it's made of wood, it's wooden; une montre en or a gold watch ; une veste en laine a woollen^GB jacket; le cadre est en alliage the frame is alloy, it's an alloy frame;

8 ( pour indiquer une variante) son fils, c'est lui en miniature his son is just like him only smaller, his son is a smaller version of him; je voudrais le même en plus grand I'd like the same only bigger; je voudrais la même en bleu I'd like the same in blue;

9 (indique le domaine, la discipline) in; en politique/affaires il faut être rusé in politics/business you have to be clever; idée fondamentale en droit français fundamental idea in French law; en théorie, c'est exact in theory, it's correct; licencié en droit bachelor of law; docteur en médecine doctor of medicine; être bon en histoire to be good at history;

10 (mesures, dimensions) in; compter en secondes/années to count in seconds/years; les draps se font en 90 et en 140 the sheets are available in single and double; le mur fait trois mètres en hauteur et six en longueur the wall is three metres^GB high and six metres^GB long; en profondeur, il y a assez d'espace pour la bibliothèque mais pas en hauteur the space is deep enough for the bookshelves but not high enough; en largeur, il y a la place pour une piscine mais pas en longueur widthwise, there's (enough) room for a swimming pool but not lengthwise.

B pron

1 ( le moyen) si les abricots sont abîmés, fais-en de la confiture if the apricots are bruised make jam with them; prends cette couverture et couvre-t'en take this blanket and cover yourself with it; il sortit son épée et l'en transperça he took out his sword and ran him through;

2 ( la cause) ça l'a tellement bouleversé qu'il en est tombé malade it distressed him so much that he fell ill GB ou became sick US; il a eu un cancer et il en est mort he got cancer and died; elle a eu un accident de voiture et elle en est restée paralysée/infirme she had a car accident which left her paralysed^GB/disabled;

3 ○( emphatique) tu en as un beau chapeau! what a nice hat you've got!; eh bien! on s'en souviendra de ce dimanche! well, we won't forget this Sunday in a hurry!; je n'en veux pas de tes excuses○! I'm not interested in your excuses; et moi, je n'en ai pas des soucis, peut-être! do you think I haven't got worries too!; j'en connais qui seraient contents I know some who would be pleased.

[ɑ̃] préposition

A.[DANS LE TEMPS] [indiquant - le moment] in ; [ - la durée] in, during

en soirée in the evening

en deux heures c'était fini it was over in two hours

en 40 ans de carrière... in my 40 years in the job...

B.[DANS L'ESPACE]

1. [indiquant - la situation] in ; [ - la direction] to

se promener en forêt/en ville to walk in the forest/around the town

faire une croisière en Méditerranée to go on a cruise around the Mediterranean

aller en Espagne to go to Spain

partir en forêt to go off into the forest

2. (figuré)

en moi-même, j'avais toujours cet espoir deep down ou in my heart of hearts, I still had that hope

trouver en soi la force de faire quelque chose to find in oneself the strength to do something

ce que j'apprécie en lui what I like about him

C.[INDIQUANT LE DOMAINE]

1. [pour des connaissances]

bon en latin/physique good at Latin/physics

je ne m'y connais pas en peinture I don't know much about painting

il fait de la recherche en agronomie he's doing research in agronomy

2. [dans une situation]

je suis malheureux en amour I'm unlucky in love

en cela ou ce en quoi il n'a pas tort and I have to say he's right ou not wrong there

D.[INDIQUANT LA COMPOSITION] [pour des objets]

chaise en bois/fer wooden/iron chair

c'est en quoi? (familier) what's it made of?

E.[INDIQUANT LA MANIÈRE, LE MOYEN]

1. [marquant l'état, la forme, la manière]

être en colère/en rage to be angry/in a rage

être en forme to be on (good) form

le pays est en guerre the country is at war

se conduire en gentleman to behave like a gentleman

en véritable ami, il m'a prévenu good friend that he is ou being a true friend, he warned me

je suis venu en ami I came as a friend

il m'a envoyé ces fleurs en remerciement he sent me these flowers to say thank you

peint en bleu painted blue

je la préfère en vert I prefer it in green

il était en pyjama he was in his pyjamas, he had his pyjamas on

couper quelque chose en deux to cut something in two ou in half

en (forme de) losange diamond-shaped

j'ai passé Noël en famille I spent Christmas with my family

faire quelque chose en cachette/en vitesse/en douceur to do something secretly/quickly/smoothly

du sucre en morceaux sugar cubes

une rue en pente a street on a slope ou a hill

2. [introduisant une mesure] in

je veux le résultat en dollars I want the result in dollars

un tissu en 140 de large 140 cm wide material

auriez-vous la même robe en 38 ? do you have the same dress in a 38 ?

3. [indiquant une transformation] into

l'eau se change en glace water turns into ice

se déguiser en fille to dress up as a girl

4. [marquant le moyen]

j'y vais en bateau I'm going by boat

ils ont fait le tour de l'île en voilier they sailed round the island (in a yacht)

en voiture/train by car/train

avoir peur en avion to be scared of flying

payer en liquide to pay cash

F.[AVEC LE GÉRONDIF]

1. [indiquant la simultanéité]

il est tombé en courant he fell while running

nous en parlerons en prenant un café we'll talk about it over a cup of coffee

c'est en le voyant que j'ai compris when I saw him I understood

rien qu'en le voyant, elle se met en colère she gets angry just seeing him, the mere sight of him makes her angry

tout en marchant, elles tentaient de trouver une réponse while walking ou as they walked, they tried to find an answer

2. [indiquant la concession, l'opposition]

en étant plus conciliant, il ne changeait toujours pas d'avis whilst ou although he was more conciliatory, he still wouldn't change his mind

3. [indiquant la cause, le moyen, la manière]

il marche en boitant he walks with a limp

il est parti en courant he ran off

retapez en changeant toutes les majuscules type it out again and change all the capitals

ce n'est pas en criant que l'on résoudra le problème shouting won't solve the problem

4. [introduisant une condition, une supposition] if

en prenant un cas concret, on voit que... if we take a concrete example, we can see that...

en supposant que... supposing that...

G.[INTRODUISANT LE COMPLÉMENT DU VERBE] in

croire en quelqu'un/quelque chose to believe in somebody/something

————————

[ɑ̃] pronom

A.[COMPLÉMENT DU VERBE]

1. [indiquant le lieu]

il faudra que tu ailles à la poste — j'en viens you'll have to go to the post office — I've just got back from ou just been there

2. [indiquant la cause, l'agent]

on en meurt you can die of ou from it

je n'en dors plus it's keeping me awake at nights

elle était tellement fatiguée qu'elle en pleurait she was so tired (that) she was crying

3. [complément d'objet]

voilà des fraises/du lait, donne-lui-en here are some strawberries/here's some milk, give him some

passe-moi du sucre — il n'en reste plus give me some sugar — there's none left

si tu n'aimes pas la viande/les olives, n'en mange pas if you don't like meat/olives, don't eat any

tous les invités ne sont pas arrivés, il en manque deux all the guests haven't arrived yet, two are missing

tu en as acheté beaucoup you've bought a lot (of it/of them)

tu n'en as pas dit assez you haven't said enough

4. [avec une valeur emphatique]

tu en as de la chance! you really are lucky, you are!

5. [complément d'objet indirect] about it

ne vous en souciez plus don't worry about it any more

6. [comme attribut]

les volontaires ? — j'en suis! any volunteers ? — me!

B.[EN COMPLÉMENT]

1. [du nom ou du pronom]

j'en garde un bon souvenir I have good memories of it

écoute ces voix et admires-en la beauté listen to these voices and admire their beauty

2. [de l'adjectif]

sa maison en est pleine his house is full of it/them

tu en es sûr ? are you sure (of that) ?

C.[LOCUTIONS] [locutions verbales]

il en va de même pour lui the same goes for him

s'en prendre à quelqu'un to blame ou to attack somebody

il n'en croit pas ses oreilles/yeux he can't believe his ears/eyes

Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > en

19 second

̈ɪˈsekənd I
1. сущ.
1) а) помощник;
следующий по рангу second in command ≈ заместитель командира б) полигр. помощник наборщика
2) а) спорт вице-чемпион;
получивший второй приз, вторую премию;
пришедший вторым б) альпинист, идущий вторым в связке
3) грам. второе лицо( сокр. от second person)
3) универ. вторая, не высшая оценка
4) второй класс( в различных видах транспорта)
5) секундант
6) второе число
7) мн. товар второго сорта, низшего качества;
мука грубого помола These stockings are seconds and have some slight defects. ≈ Эти чулки второго сорта и имеют незначительные дефекты.
8) муз. а) второй голос;
альт б) секунда (один из самых коротких музыкальных интервалов)
2. прил.
1) а) второй (идущий по счету после первого) He stood second in line. ≈ Он был вторым в шеренге. on second thoughts ≈ по зрелом размышлении б) второстепенный;
второсортный (занимающий второе место по важности или качеству) second violin, second fiddle ≈ вторая скрипка
2) а) каждый второй( о цикличности во времени) to elect smb. every second year ≈ избирать кого-л. через каждые два года Syn: alternate
2., other
1. б) второй, очень похожий He is the second Napoleon. ≈ Да он же просто второй Наполеон!
3) подчиненный, ниже по званию, находящийся ниже (в какой-л. иерархии) to be second to none ≈ никому не подчиняться Syn: inferior
2., subordinate
1.
4) повторный;
вторичный second advent, second coming ≈ второе пришествие Syn: repeated, recurring
5) дополнительный, добавочный Syn: extra, additional ∙ at second hand ≈ из вторых рук second sight ≈ ясновидение second teeth ≈ постоянные (не молочные) зубы second to none ≈ непревзойденный second chamber ≈ верхняя палата( парламента)
3. гл.
1) а) поддерживать, помогать to second one's efforts ≈ поддерживать кого-л. в каких-л. усилиях, начинаниях Syn: support
2., back up, assist, encourage б) подпевать;
петь вторым голосом, исполнять партию второго голоса
2) одобрить, оказать поддержку (в споре, дискуссии и т.д.) Mrs. Charlton instantly seconded the proposal. ≈ Миссис Чарльтон тот час же одобрила предложение.
3) быть секундантом
4) воен. откомандировывать The officer was seconded to another branch of the army to lead special training courses. ≈ Офицера откомандировали в другое подразделение армии для того, чтобы он прошел курс специальной подготовки.
4. нареч.
1) во-вторых
2) вторым номером;
во второй группе to come second ≈ финишировать со вторым результатом II сущ.
1) секунда (1/60 часть минуты)
2) мгновение, миг, минута, момент (очень короткий промежуток времени) Just a moment, please. ≈ Одну минуточку, подождите, пожалуйста. Syn: moment, instant секунда (мера времени) - 60 *s make one minute в минуте 60 секунд секунда (мера угла) - ten degrees fifteen *s десять градусов пятнадцать секунд мгновение, момент - split * доля секунды - in a split * моментально;
моргнуть не успеешь - wait a *!, half a *! (подождите) минутку! - to do smth. in a few *s моментально сделать что-л. - I shall be ready in a * /in a few *s/ я буду готов сию минуту - I cannot do without it for a * мне это нужно ежесекундно (the *) второе (число) - on the * of May второго мая второй (человек) (который что-л. делает) - you are the * to ask me that вы второй человек, который спрашивает меня об этом - you are the * to jump вы будете прыгать вторым помощник - to act as a most useful * быть хорошим помощником во всем;
быть (чьей-л.) правой рукой получивший вторую премию, второй приз и т. п. - to come in a good *, to be a good * прийти( к финишу) почти вместе с первым - to come in a close * to X. лишь ненамного отстать от Х. - to make a poor * in a race еле-еле прийти к финишу вторым секундант (на дуэли) секундант (бокс) - *s out! освободить ринг! (команда) второй класс( какого-л. транспорта) - I always travel * я всегда путешествую вторым классом товар второго сорта, второсортная продукция мука грубого помола (разговорное) вторая порция( еды) второе (блюдо) (автомобильное) (разговорное) вторая передача - he shifted into * он включил /перешел на/ вторую скорость альпинист, идущий вторым (в связке) (музыкальное) секунда (интервал) - major * большая секунда вторая (университетское) (разговорное) степень бакалавра с отличием второго класса( в Великобритании) > * of exchange( финансовое) второй экземпляр переводного векселя, секунда второй ( по счету) - * deck вторая /(амер) средняя/ палуба - * raceme (ботаника) ветвь второго порядка - * person (грамматика) второе лицо - * conjugation( грамматика) второе спряжение - Henry the S. Генрих II - he is in his * year ему второй год - in the * place во-вторых - the * finger of the right hand средний палец на правой руке второй (по времени) - to go by the * train ехать следующим поездом - the * person to swim the Channel второй человек, переплывший Ла-Манш второй, дополнительный, добавочный - * cause побочная причина - * legs вторая пара ног (у насекомых) второй, повторный - * notice повторное извещение - * (galley) proof вторая корректура( в гранках) - every * day каждый второй день;
через день - to do smth. a * time делать что-л. снова /второй раз/ - to stay in a form for a * year остаться на второй год - they elect a mayor every * year они выбирают мэра каждые два года второстепенный, подчиненный - to be * to the project иметь второстепенное значение для данного проекта - * to the might of this country уступающий по моще этой стране - music comes * with him для него музыка не самое главное в жизни другой, второй - a * pair of shoes другая пара обуви - I want a * opinion я хотел бы услышать другое /еще одно/ мнение еще один, подобный - he is a * Shakespeare он второй Шекспир - * self второе "я" дополнительный;
запасный, запасной - * team (спортивное) вторая команда уступающий (в чем-л.) - to be * to smb. in experience уступать кому-л. по опыту - to be * in seniority быть вторым по старшинству - to be * to smb. in precedence по рангу идти вслед за кем-л. - * in hardness only to the diamond уступающий в твердости только алмазу - * to none непревзойденный - in intelligence he is * to none по уму с ним никто не сравнится, по уму он никому не уступит - we are in a position * to none to... наше положение в отношении... ни с чем не сравнимо - * only to... уступающий (в чем-л.) только... второсортный - articles of * quality товары второго сорта - * cabin каюта второго класса вспомогательный - * master помощник учителя (в школе) второй (по величине, значению и т. п.) - the * city in Europe второй город в Европе - the * largest city in the world второй по величине город в мире - * violin /fiddle/ вторая скрипка( в оркестре) > * name (американизм) фамилия;
второе имя (данное при крещении) > * line (военное) тыловая позиция;
тыловая полоса > to play * fiddle играть вторую скрипку, быть на вторых ролях > * birth второе рождение, возрождение;
(религия) духовное возрождение;
(религия) загробная жизнь > * guess задним умом крепок > the * time of asking( церковное) вторичное оглашение имен вступающих в брак во-вторых вторым номером;
во второй группе;
вторым - to speak * выступать вторым - to come in /to finish/ * прийти вторым, занять второе место (на скачках, в соревновании) выступать в поддержку (предложения, резолюции и т. п.) - to * a motion поддержать резолюцию быть секундантом на дуэли или в боксе (книжное) поддерживать, помогать - to * smb.'s efforts поддерживать чьи-л. усилия - will you * me? вы меня поддержите? - to * words with deeds подкреплять слова делами - to be *ed by smb. получить поддержку с чьей-л. стороны( военное) временно откомандировывать - to be *ed for service on the General Staff быть откомандированным в ставку - major Smith has been *ed to us майор Смит прикомандирован к нам characters per ~, cps вчт. число знаков в секунду characters per ~, cps вчт. число знаков в секунду every ~ каждый второй ~ второй класс (в поезде, на пароходе и т. п.) ;
to go second ехать вторым классом ~ получивший второй приз, вторую премию;
he was a good second он пришел к финишу почти вместе с первым ~ второй, другой;
second thoughts пересмотр мнения, решения;
on second thoughts по зрелом размышлении ~ поддерживать, помогать;
to second a motion поддержать предложение ~ повторный;
вторичный;
second ballot перебаллотировка;
second advent( или coming) рел. второе пришествие ~ повторный;
вторичный;
second ballot перебаллотировка;
second advent( или coming) рел. второе пришествие ~ второстепенный;
второсортный, уступающий (по качеству) (to) ;
second cabin каюта второго класса;
second violin (или fiddle) вторая скрипка ~ ~ ясновидение;
second to none непревзойденный;
second chamber верхняя палата( парламента) ~ division вторая (средняя) степень тюремного заключения (в Англии) ;
second teeth постоянные (не молочные) зубы;
at second hand из вторых рук ~ division низший разряд государственных служащих ~ помощник;
следующий по рангу;
second in command воен. заместитель командира ~ lieutenant младший лейтенант;
the second officer( on a ship) второй помощник капитана ~ of exchange второй экземпляр тратты ~ lieutenant младший лейтенант;
the second officer( on a ship) второй помощник капитана ~ дополнительный;
a second pair of shoes сменная пара обуви ~ num. ord. второй;
the second seat in the second row второе кресло во втором ряду ~ ~ ясновидение;
second to none непревзойденный;
second chamber верхняя палата (парламента) ~ division вторая (средняя) степень тюремного заключения (в Англии) ;
second teeth постоянные (не молочные) зубы;
at second hand из вторых рук ~ второй, другой;
second thoughts пересмотр мнения, решения;
on second thoughts по зрелом размышлении ~ ~ ясновидение;
second to none непревзойденный;
second chamber верхняя палата (парламента) ~ второстепенный;
второсортный, уступающий (по качеству) (to) ;
second cabin каюта второго класса;
second violin (или fiddle) вторая скрипка ~ подкреплять;
to second words with deeds подкреплять слова делами these stockings are seconds and have some slight defects эти чулки второго сорта и имеют незначительные дефекты ~ секунда;
момент, мгновение;
wait a second сейчас;
подождите минутку

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > second

20 अक्षः _akṣḥ

अक्षः [अश्-सः]

1 An axis, axle, pivot; अक्षभङ्गे च यानस्य....न दण्डं मनुरब्रवीत् Ms.8.291,292; दृढधूः अक्षः Kāś. V. 4.74; Śi.12.2, 18.7; ज्योतिश्चक्राक्षदण्डः Dk.

1 Axle-pole.

-2 The pole of a cart.

-3 A cart, car; also a wheel.

-4 The beam of a balance.

-5 Terrestrial latitude.

-6 A die for playing with; cube; यानाक्षमधिकृत्य ब्रूत इति गम्यते न तु विदेवना- क्षमिति । ŚB. on MS.6.8.35.

-7 The seed of which rosaries are made.

-8 A weight equal to 16 māṣas and called कर्ष.

-9 N. of the plant Terminalia Belerica (बिभीतक- Mar. बेहडा) the seed of which is used as a die; also the nut of this plant; यथा वै द्वे वामलके द्वे वा कोले द्वौ वाक्षौ मुष्टिरनुभवति Chān. Up; so धाराभिरक्षमात्राभिः.

-1 A shrub producing the rosary seed, Eleocarpus Ganitrus (रुद्राक्ष); the seed of this plant, as also of another plant (इन्द्राक्ष).

-11 A serpent; hence a curve.

-12 Garuḍa.

-13 N. of a son of Rāvaṇa.

-14 The soul.

-15 Knowledge (usually, sacred).

-16 Law; a lawsuit; legal procedure.

-17 A person born blind.

-18 the lower part of the temples (कर्ण- नेत्रयोर्मध्ये शङ्खादधोभागः).

-19 The base of a column; अथवाक्षं नवांशोच्चं जन्म चैकेन कारयेत् । Māna.14.17.

-2 The window-like part of a swing, a hammock, a palanquin, an axle of a chariot; पार्श्वयोर्वारणं कुर्यात् तस्याधो$क्षं सुसंयुतम् । Māna.5.165,166.

-21 Gambling (in general). cf. अक्षो द्यूते वरूथाङ्गे नयवादौ बिभीतके । कर्षे व्याप्तौ कृषे (?) चक्रे आधारव्यव- हारयोः । आत्मजे पाशके दैत्यभेदे चेन्द्रियवालयोः । Nm.

-क्षम् (अश्नुते व्याप्नोति विषयान् स्ववृत्त्या संयोगेन वा)

1 An organ of sense; निरोधाच्चेतसो$क्षाणि निरुद्धान्यखिलान्यपि Pt.2.154; संयताक्षो विनीतः Mātaṅga L.12.1. (The word संयताक्ष here means 'having control over his senses', but 'having eyes closed' M. W.); m. also (नियच्छेद्विषयेभ्यो$क्षान् Bhāg.; an object of sense.

-2 The eye, (only at the end of comp.; जलजाक्ष, कमलाक्ष, &c.)

-3 Sachal salt, sea-salt.

-4 Blue vitriol (from its crystallized shape) (Mar. मोरचूद) [cf. L. axis; Gr. akshon or axon, old Germ. ahsa; Germ. achse.]

-Comp. -अंशः the degree of latitude.

-अग्रम् the axle or its end; the anterior end of the axle or its end; the anterior end of the pole of a car.

-अग्रकीलः -लकः a linch-pin, a pin which fastens the yoke to the pole.

-आवपनम् [अक्षान् पाशान् आवपति क्षिपत्यस्मिन्; आ-वप्-आधारे ल्युट्] a dice-board (अक्षा उप्यन्ते$स्मिन्निति अक्षावपनम् अक्षस्थानावपनपात्रम्, सायण).

-आवलिः f. a rosary.

-आवापः [अक्षान् आवपति क्षिपति; आवप्-अण्] a gambler, keeper of the dice or gambling table; he is one of the रत्निन्s mentioned in Taitt. Saṁ. I.8.9.1.2 and Śat. Br.5.3.2; also ˚अतिवापः (अक्षावापो नाम अक्षाणां क्षेप्ता अक्षगोप्ता वा द्यूतकारः).

-उपकरणम् a piece at chess.

-कर्णः hypotenuse, particularly of the triangle formed with the gnomon of a dial and its shadow; (astr.) argument of the latitude.

-कुशल, -शौण्ड a. [स. त.] skilful in gambling.

-कूटः [ अक्षस्य कूट इव] the pupil of the eye.

-कोविद, -ज्ञ a. skilled in dice; so ˚विद्, ˚वेत्तृ &c.

-क्षेत्रम् [अक्षनिमित्तं क्षेत्रम्] an astronomical figure (अक्षसाधनार्थं क्षेत्रतया कल्पितानां अक्षभवानामष्टानां क्षेत्राणामेकं).

-ग्लहः [तृ. त.] gambling, playing at dice.

-चक्रम् the circle of sensual passions. दृढनियमित ˚क्रः K.37 (also axis and wheels).

-जम् [अक्षात् जायते; जन्-ड]

1 direct knowledge or cognition.

-2 a thunderbolt (वज्रम् अस्थिरूपावयवजातत्वात्तस्य तन्नामत्बम्).

-3 a diamond.

-4 अक्षक्षेत्रम् q.v. (m. in some of these senses).

-जः N. of Viṣṇu.

-तत्त्वम्, -विद्या the science of gambling; ˚विद् skilled in the principles of gambling.

-दण्डः axle-pole.

-दर्शकः, -दृश् [अक्षाणाम् ऋणादानादिव्यवहाराणां दर्शकः दृश्-ण्वुल्, अक्षान् पश्यतीति दृश् -क्विप् कुत्वम्]

1 a judge (one who tries law- suits).

-2 a superintendent of gambling.

-दृक्कर्मन् n. operation or calculation for latitude.

-देविन् m.. [अक्षैर्दीव्यति, दिव्-णिनि],

अक्षद्यूः, [दिव्-क्विपू ऊठ् P.VI.4.19.]

-द्यूतः [अक्षैर्द्यूतं यस्य] a gambler, dicer.

-द्यूतम् dice play, gambling; ˚तादिगणः a class of words mentioned in P.IV.4.19.

-द्यूतिकम् [अक्षद्यूत- ठक्] dispute at play.

-द्रुग्ध a. [अक्षैः द्रुग्धः] unlucky at dice (opposed to अक्षप्रिय fond of dice, or lucky in gambling).

-धरः [अक्षं चक्रं रथावयवं तत्कीलकमिव कण्टकं वा धरतीति धरः धृ-अच् ष. त.]

1 N. of Viṣṇu.

-2 N. of the plant (also called शाखोट); Trophis Aspera. (Mar. हेदि, खरोत).

-3 a wheel.

-4 any one who bears a wheel, or who holds dice.

-धूः (धुर्) the yoke attached to the fore-part of the pole of a car.

-धूर्तः [अक्षे तद्देवने धूर्तः] 'dice-rogue,' a gamester, a gambler.

-धूर्तिलः [अक्षस्य शकटस्य धूर्तिं भारं लाति, ला-क; or अक्ष-धुर्-तिलप्रत्ययः] a bull or ox yoked to the pole of a cart.

-पटलः[ष. त.]

1 a court of law.

-2 depository of legal documents.

-3 = अक्षि- पटलम्, q. v. -लः [अक्षाणां व्यवहाराणां पटलमस्त्यस्य अच्] a judge.

-4 record-office (GI).

-5 account-office (RT).

-पटलाधिकृतः superintendent of records and accounts.

-परि ind [अक्षेण विपरतिम् वृत्तं P.II.1.1 द्यूतव्यवहारे पराजये एवायं समासः Sk.] so as to be a loser (by an unlucky throw of dice) पाशकक्रीडायां यथा गुटिकापाते जयो भवति तद्वि- परीतपातः Tv.)

-पाटः = ˚वाटः, q. v.

-पाटकः [अक्षे व्यवहारे पाटयति; पट् दीप्तौ-ण्वुल्] one who is well-versed in law, a judge.

-पातः [ष. त.] cast of dice.

-पादः N. of the sage Gautama, founder of the Nyāya system of philosophy, or a follower of that system (अक्षं नेत्रं दर्शनसाधनतया जातः पादो$स्य; अक्षपादो हि स्वमतदूषकस्य व्यासस्य मुखदर्शनं चक्षुषा न कर्तव्यम् इति प्रतिज्ञाय पश्चाद् व्यासेन प्रसादितः पादे नेत्रं प्रकाश्य तं दृष्टवान् इति प्रसिद्धिः Tv.)

-पीडा [ष. त.]

1 an injury to the organs.

-2 [अक्षम् इन्द्रियं रसनारूपं पीडयति आस्वादनात्; पीड्-अच्] N. of the plant यवतिक्ता. (Mar. शंखिनी).

-भागः (˚अंशः) a degree of latitude.

-भारः [ष. त.]

1 a cart-load.

-2 the lower part of a chariot. (cf. तत्तद्देशे तु छिद्रं स्यादक्षभारे रथान्तकम् । छिद्रे प्रवेशयेत् कीलं युक्त्या च पट्टयोजितम् ॥ Māna. 42.51-53.)

-मदः [च. त.] a mad passion for gambling.

-मात्रम् [अक्षो मात्रा यस्य]

1 anything as large as dice; dice.

-2 a moment of time (निमिषः) twinkling of an eye.

-माला, -सूत्रम् [अक्षाणां माला -सूत्रम्]

1 a rosary, string of beads (अकारादिक्षकारान्तः अक्षः तत्कृता तत्प्रतिनिधिभूता वा माला); कृतो- $क्षसूत्रप्रणयी तया करः Ku.5.11,66; ˚मालामुपयाचितुमागतो$स्मि K.151. (It is made of रुद्राक्ष seeds, corals, crystals, rubies, gems &c.)

-2 N. of अरुन्धती (अक्षमाला त्वरुन्धती - Hm.); अक्ष- माला वसिष्ठेन संयुक्ताधमयोनिजा...जगामाभ्यर्हणीयताम् Ms.9.23. मातङ्गयामक्षमालायां गर्हितायां रिरंसया । Bu. ch.4.77. (अक्षस्य नक्षत्रचक्रस्य मालेव भूषणत्वात्; सा ह्युत्तरस्यां दिशि गगने सप्तर्षिमण्डले मालारूपेण वसिष्ठसमीपे वर्तते सर्वेभ्यश्चोज्ज्वलत्वात्तस्या मालारूपेण स्थितत्वाच्च नक्षत्रचक्रभूषणत्वम् Tv).

-राजः [अक्षाणां राजेव] one addicted to gambling; also 'the die called Kali'.

--वामः [स. त.] an unfair gambler.

-वाटः [अक्षाणां पाशकक्रीडानां बाटः वासस्थानम्]

1 a gambling house; the gambling table.

-2 [अक्षस्य रथचक्रस्य क्षुण्णस्थानस्य इव वाटः] a place of contest, arena, wrestling ground (तत्र हि रथचक्रक्षुण्णपांशुसदृशपांशुम- त्त्वात् तत्सदृशत्वम् Tv.)

-विद a. skilled in gambling.

-वृत्त a. [अक्षे वृत्तः व्यापृतः स. त.] engaged in, addicted to, gambling; what has occurred in gambling.

-वृत्तम् राशिचक्ररूपं वृत्तक्षेत्रम् the zodiacal circle.

-शालिन् (शालिकः) officer in charge of the gambling house; EI 24.173.

-स्तुषः Beleric Myrobalan (Mar. बेहडा)

-हृदयम् perfect skill in, or conversancy with, gambling (lit. the heart or innermost nature of dice or gambling); वशीकृताक्षहृदयां K.131.

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